PMID- 15842957
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050930
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 1529-7322 (Print)
IS  - 1529-7322 (Linking)
VI  - 5
IP  - 3
DP  - 2005 May
TI  - Genetically engineered vaccines.
PG  - 197-203
AB  - The application of recombinant DNA technology to allergen research has provided 
      the sequence information and genetic material to produce new types of allergy 
      vaccines. One general strategy has been to use the knowledge to produce synthetic 
      peptides that represent selected T-cell or B-cell epitopes. The production of 
      genetically engineered allergens provides an alternative strategy to construct 
      hypoallergenic vaccines, which can provide a better and less selected 
      representation of the epitopes. Many strategies have been used to produce such 
      hypoallergens, and their ability to reduce allergenicity has been amply 
      demonstrated by skin and nasal provocation tests. The retention of T 
      cell-stimulating activity has also been demonstrated, and a consistent feature of 
      the vaccines has been, despite the reduced immunoglobulin E (IgE)-binding 
      reactivity, the ability to induce anti-allergen IgG antibody. The lead 
      hypoallergens have been polypeptide fragments and trimeric constructs of the 
      birch allergen Bet v 1. A clinical trial with these medicaments has shown the 
      ability to modify IgE and IgG antibody production, skin test reactivity, and 
      symptom scores. This is the first trial of a recombinant allergy vaccine, and it 
      has set a benchmark for further studies. A new generation of hypoallergens is now 
      being produced based on the detailed knowledge of the tertiary structures of the 
      allergens and of the T-cell and B-cell epitopes. The modifications have been made 
      to change the topography of the allergens while retaining a stable, folding 
      structure. In the case of Bet v 1, tertiary structures of hypoallergens have been 
      determined. Structurally modeled hypoallergens have been produced for pollen, 
      venom, food, and latex allergens, with promising characteristics from preclinical 
      studies.
FAU - Thomas, Wayne R
AU  - Thomas WR
AD  - Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Telethon 
      Institute for Child Health Research, PO Box 855, West Perth 6872, 100 Roberts 
      Road, Subiaco 6008, Western Australia. wayne@ichr.uwa.edu.au
FAU - Hales, Belinda J
AU  - Hales BJ
FAU - Smith, Wendy-Anne
AU  - Smith WA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Curr Allergy Asthma Rep
JT  - Current allergy and asthma reports
JID - 101096440
RN  - 0 (Allergens)
RN  - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic)
SB  - IM
MH  - Allergens/genetics/immunology/therapeutic use
MH  - Animals
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypersensitivity/drug therapy
MH  - *Protein Engineering
MH  - Vaccines, Synthetic/*immunology
RF  - 49
EDAT- 2005/04/22 09:00
MHDA- 2005/10/01 09:00
CRDT- 2005/04/22 09:00
PHST- 2005/04/22 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/10/01 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/04/22 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s11882-005-0038-4 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2005 May;5(3):197-203. doi: 10.1007/s11882-005-0038-4.