PMID- 15857640
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050829
LR  - 20171116
IS  - 0045-6535 (Print)
IS  - 0045-6535 (Linking)
VI  - 59
IP  - 9
DP  - 2005 Jun
TI  - Mobilization of phenol and dichlorophenol in unsaturated soils by non-uniform 
      electrokinetics.
PG  - 1289-98
AB  - The poor mobility of organic pollutants in contaminated sites frequently results 
      in slow remediation processes. Organics, especially hydrophobic compounds, are 
      generally retained strongly in soil matrix as a result of sorption, 
      sequestration, or even formation into non-aqueous-phase liquids and their 
      mobility is thus greatly reduced. The objective of this study was to evaluate the 
      feasibility of using non-uniform electrokinetic transport processes to enhance 
      the mobility of organic pollutants in unsaturated soils with no injection 
      reagents. Phenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), and kaolin and a natural sandy 
      loam soil were selected as model organics and soils, respectively. The results 
      showed that non-uniform electrokinetics can accelerate the desorption and 
      movement of phenol and 2,4-DCP in unsaturated soils. Electromigration and 
      electroosmotic flow were the main driving forces, and their role in the 
      mobilization of phenol and 2,4-DCP varied with soil pH. The movement of 2,4-DCP 
      in the sandy loam towards the anode (about 1.0 cmd(-1)V(-1)) was 1.0-1.5 
      cmd(-1)V(-1) slower than that in the kaolin soil, but about 0.5 cmd(-1)V(-1) 
      greater than that of phenol in the sandy loam. When the sandy loam was adjusted 
      to pH 9.3, the movement of phenol and 2,4-DCP towards the anode was about twice 
      and five times faster than that at pH 7.7, respectively. The results also 
      demonstrated that the movement of phenol and 2,4-DCP in soils can be easily 
      controlled by regulating the operational mode of electric field. It is believed 
      that non-uniform electrokinetics has the potential for practical application to 
      in situ remediation of organics-contaminated sites.
FAU - Luo, Qishi
AU  - Luo Q
AD  - Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 
      100084, PR China. lqs01@mails.tsinghus.edu.cn
FAU - Zhang, Xihui
AU  - Zhang X
FAU - Wang, Hui
AU  - Wang H
FAU - Qian, Yi
AU  - Qian Y
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Chemosphere
JT  - Chemosphere
JID - 0320657
RN  - 0 (Chlorophenols)
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - 0 (Soil Pollutants)
RN  - 24H4NWX5CO (Kaolin)
RN  - 339NCG44TV (Phenol)
RN  - R669TG1950 (2,4-dichlorophenol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adsorption
MH  - Chlorophenols/*chemistry
MH  - Electrochemistry/*methods
MH  - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
MH  - Kaolin
MH  - Kinetics
MH  - Phenol/*chemistry
MH  - Soil
MH  - *Soil Pollutants
MH  - Waste Management/methods
EDAT- 2005/04/29 09:00
MHDA- 2005/08/30 09:00
CRDT- 2005/04/29 09:00
PHST- 2004/03/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2004/11/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2004/11/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2005/04/29 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/08/30 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/04/29 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0045-6535(04)01111-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.11.043 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Chemosphere. 2005 Jun;59(9):1289-98. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.11.043.