PMID- 1587291
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19920619
LR  - 20200929
IS  - 0392-2936 (Print)
IS  - 0392-2936 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 2
DP  - 1992
TI  - Post-menopausal breast cancer risk: oral estrogen treatment and abdominal obesity 
      induce opposite changes in possibly important biological variables.
PG  - 139-54
AB  - Almost all of the epidemiological studies on the consequences of estrogen 
      replacement treatment (ERT) refer to subjects treated with oral conjugated equine 
      estrogens (CEE). These studies suggest that breast cancer (BC) risk is limited 
      and can only be seen after long-term and/or high dosage use. Orally administered 
      estrogens present a number of metabolic and endocrine peculiarities, some of 
      which could be important in reducing the risk to the breast. Actually, these 
      peculiarities are opposite to those observed in post-menopausal women with 
      abdominal obesity (AO), a group which has recently been identified to be at high 
      risk. AO (as other situations in which an increase in BC risk does exist) shows a 
      sex-hormone-binding-globulin (SHBG) level reduction, which causes an increase of 
      both estrogenic and androgenic activity. Further features of AO, possibly 
      involved in BC risk, could be: i) increased free fatty acid (FFA) levels; ii) 
      hyperinsulinemia; iii) increase of circulating insulin-like growth-factor-I 
      (IGF-I) activity. On the contrary oral estrogens, through their hepatocellular 
      effects, cause: i) a clearcut SHBG increase; ii) a trend to reduced circulating 
      IGF-I activity. As a consequence, the possibility that oral estrogens are 
      characterized by a favourable balance between estrogenic activity and biological 
      modifications protective to the breast, is worth consideration. Even non-oral 
      estradiol have a possible protective action through FFA level reduction; however, 
      due to the absence of hepatocellular effect, it does not influence SHBG levels 
      and IGF-I activity. It seems difficult to extend data on the relationship between 
      BC and oral CEE to other types of types of ERT. For the latter, further study 
      will be necessary.
FAU - Campagnoli, C
AU  - Campagnoli C
AD  - Gynaecologic Endocrinology Department, Sant'Anna Hospital, Turin.
FAU - Biglia, N
AU  - Biglia N
FAU - Belforte, P
AU  - Belforte P
FAU - Botta, D
AU  - Botta D
FAU - Pedrini, E
AU  - Pedrini E
FAU - Sismondi, P
AU  - Sismondi P
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Singapore
TA  - Eur J Gynaecol Oncol
JT  - European journal of gynaecological oncology
JID - 8100357
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Nonesterified)
RN  - 0 (Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin)
RN  - 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I)
SB  - IM
MH  - Breast Neoplasms/*epidemiology
MH  - Estrogen Replacement Therapy/*adverse effects
MH  - Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/blood
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism
MH  - *Menopause
MH  - Obesity/*complications/metabolism
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin/metabolism
RF  - 144
EDAT- 1992/01/01 00:00
MHDA- 1992/01/01 00:01
CRDT- 1992/01/01 00:00
PHST- 1992/01/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1992/01/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1992/01/01 00:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 1992;13(2):139-54.