PMID- 15982991
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050908
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0269-8811 (Print)
IS  - 0269-8811 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 4
DP  - 2005 Jul
TI  - MDMA affects both error-rate dependent and independent aspects of decision-making 
      in a two-choice prediction task.
PG  - 366-74
AB  - Decision-making, i.e. selecting an action from a number of alternatives when the 
      outcome is uncertain, is a complex process that is important for everyday life. 
      3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), also known as 'Ecstasy', is a widely 
      used recreational drug that is known to increase serotonin (5-HT) and, to a 
      lesser extent, dopamine (DA) in animals. This study examined whether MDMA alters 
      decision-making in a way that depends on the degree of success and 
      outcome.Forty-two normal, healthy volunteers were given placebo or 1.5mg/kg p.o. 
      MDMA in a randomized crossover design. Subjects completed the two-choice 
      prediction task 120min after administration of the drug. Decision-making 
      characteristics were obtained at 20% error rate, 50% error rate or 80% error 
      rate.MDMA affected decision-making via a process that is dependent on success or 
      failure. Administration of MDMA increased the degree to which the previous 
      response predicted the current response (mutual information) and the average 
      response sequence predictability (average dynamical entropy) at low error rates. 
      MDMA increased the degree to which the previous stimulus influenced the selection 
      of the current response at 20%, 50% or 80% error rate. MDMA did not significantly 
      alter basic response characteristics such as response latency or switching. 
      Self-assessment of the psychological state induced by MDMA did not predict the 
      MDMA induced decision-making patterns. These results support the hypothesis that 
      acute administration of MDMA affects success-related response selection during 
      decision-making.
FAU - Vollenweider, Franz X
AU  - Vollenweider FX
AD  - University Hospital of Psychiatry and Heffter Research Center, University of 
      Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. vollen@bli.unizh.ch
FAU - Liechti, Matthias E
AU  - Liechti ME
FAU - Paulus, Martin P
AU  - Paulus MP
LA  - eng
PT  - Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - J Psychopharmacol
JT  - Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)
JID - 8907828
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - 0 (Serotonin Agents)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Affect/drug effects
MH  - Choice Behavior/drug effects
MH  - Consciousness/drug effects
MH  - Cross-Over Studies
MH  - Decision Making/*drug effects
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Female
MH  - Hallucinogens/*pharmacology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*pharmacology
MH  - Psychometrics
MH  - Psychomotor Performance/*drug effects
MH  - Reaction Time/drug effects
MH  - Serotonin Agents/*pharmacology
EDAT- 2005/06/29 09:00
MHDA- 2005/09/09 09:00
CRDT- 2005/06/29 09:00
PHST- 2005/06/29 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/09/09 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/06/29 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 19/4/366 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/0269881105053287 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Psychopharmacol. 2005 Jul;19(4):366-74. doi: 10.1177/0269881105053287.