PMID- 15986051
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20051104
LR  - 20050629
IS  - 1464-0325 (Print)
IS  - 1464-0325 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 7
DP  - 2005 Jul
TI  - An assessment of the bioavailability of persistent organic pollutants from 
      contaminated soil.
PG  - 710-5
AB  - A procedure to assess the bioavailability of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) 
      from soil samples has been developed. The procedure is based on the use of 
      simulated in vitro gastrointestinal extraction to remove POPs from soil matrices. 
      The level of recovery, using this approach, is assessed following liquid-liquid 
      extraction (LLE) and analysis by gas chromatography-mass selective detection 
      (GC-MSD). The remaining soil residue is then extracted using pressurised fluid 
      extraction (PFE) followed by GC-MSD analysis to assess the residual fraction. The 
      residual fraction is monitored to determine the unavailable fraction i.e. not 
      available for absorption in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. The procedure 
      was applied to four soil samples i.e. an aged, spiked soil and three certified 
      reference materials (CRMs) contaminated with POPs. Recoveries of pesticides 
      (lindane, endosulfan I, endrin, DDE, DDD and endosulfan II), phenols (cresol, TCP 
      and PCP), and base neutral compounds (hexachloroethane, acenaphthene, 
      dibenzofuran, fluorene and hexachlorobenzene) from aged, spiked soil following 
      extraction with gastric fluid ranged from 0.8 to 8.3% while following intestinal 
      extraction ranged from 5.5 to 13.5%, irrespective of POP. Recoveries of 
      pesticides (lindane, endosulfan I, endrin, DDE, DDD and endosulfan II) from CRM 
      805-050 following extraction with gastric fluid were below the limit of detection 
      while following intestinal extraction ranged from 5.3 to 12.8%. Recoveries of 
      phenols (cresol, TCP and PCP) from CRM 401-225 following extraction with gastric 
      fluid ranged from 1.6 to 2.0% while following intestinal extraction ranged from 
      4.1 to 5.4%. Recoveries of base neutral acid analytes (hexachloroethane, 
      acenaphthene, dibenzofuran, fluorene and hexachlorobenzene) from CRM 107-100 
      following extraction with gastric fluid ranged from 1.4 to 4.0% while following 
      intestinal extraction ranged from 6.6 to 12.7%. It has been found that the 
      majority of POPs present i.e. >75%, would be excreted if consumed and not be 
      absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract of humans.
FAU - Scott, W C
AU  - Scott WC
AD  - School of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Building, Newcastle 
      upon Tyne, UKNE1 8ST.
FAU - Dean, J R
AU  - Dean JR
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20050517
PL  - England
TA  - J Environ Monit
JT  - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM
JID - 100968688
RN  - 0 (Bile Acids and Salts)
RN  - 0 (Organic Chemicals)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Soil Pollutants)
RN  - 8049-47-6 (Pancreatin)
RN  - EC 3.2.1.- (Amylases)
RN  - EC 3.4.23.1 (Pepsin A)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amylases
MH  - Bile Acids and Salts
MH  - Biological Availability
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/methods
MH  - Gastric Juice
MH  - *Intestinal Absorption
MH  - Organic Chemicals/*analysis/metabolism
MH  - Pancreatin
MH  - Pepsin A
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis/metabolism
MH  - Soil Pollutants/*analysis/metabolism
EDAT- 2005/06/30 09:00
MHDA- 2005/11/05 09:00
CRDT- 2005/06/30 09:00
PHST- 2005/06/30 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/11/05 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/06/30 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1039/b500298b [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Environ Monit. 2005 Jul;7(7):710-5. doi: 10.1039/b500298b. Epub 2005 May 17.