PMID- 16081143
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060203
LR  - 20061115
IS  - 0048-9697 (Print)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 351-352
DP  - 2005 Dec 1
TI  - Development and application of bioaccumulation models to assess persistent 
      organic pollutant temporal trends in arctic ringed seal (Phoca hispida) 
      populations.
PG  - 413-26
AB  - Individual- and population-based models were developed to simulate the 
      bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) over the lifetime of 
      ringed seals (Phoca hispida) and account for the effects of age, growth, body 
      condition and sex (including gestation, birth and lactation). Lactational 
      transfer was described using a milk to blubber partition coefficient, which was 
      shown to be a function of Kow (KMB=1/(1.676+1.293.10(-7).Kow) r2=0.60, n=32, 
      p<0.001). Simulations showed that nursing mothers could transfer between 5% and 
      40% of their burden of low and high KMB contaminants, respectively, to their milk 
      over 40 days of lactation. The models were calibrated using a POPs dataset for 50 
      seals (29 males, 21 females) from Arviat, Nunavut. They were initially calibrated 
      for a group of eight highly recalcitrant PCB congeners (e.g. PCBs 153, 180) 
      assuming a baseline elimination rate (ke) of about 0.03 year-1. For congeners 
      more prone to biotransformation a satisfactory fit could only be reached by 
      iteratively increasing ke to values ranging from 0.05 to 2.5 year-1 for PCBs 187 
      and 18, respectively; thus the models became a means for estimating ke. Estimated 
      ke values were correlated with a calculated index of susceptibility to 
      biotransformation (ke=0.0284/Rrelr2=0.98, n=20, p<0.001). This relationship was 
      used to estimate ke values used in simulations to hind-cast temporal trends of 
      SigmaPCB, SigmaDDT, SigmaCHL, alphaHCH, betaHCH in ringed seal populations and to 
      predict potential future trends. Results of these simulations showed good 
      agreement with measured concentrations in seals from two locations in the 
      Canadian Arctic (Holman Island, NWT and Arctic Bay, Nunavut) collected between 
      1972 and 2001. The models show that the combined effects of rapid juvenile 
      growth, a fast rate of population turnover and substantial capacity to eliminate 
      many POPs result in fairly rapid responses to changes in contaminant loading, 
      thus making ringed seals an effective choice for monitoring spatial and temporal 
      trends of POPs in the Arctic marine ecosystem.
FAU - Hickie, Brendan E
AU  - Hickie BE
AD  - Environmental and Resource Studies, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada 
      K9J 7B8. bhickie@trentu.ca
FAU - Muir, Derek C G
AU  - Muir DC
FAU - Addison, Richard F
AU  - Addison RF
FAU - Hoekstra, Paul F
AU  - Hoekstra PF
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20050802
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adipose Tissue/chemistry
MH  - Animals
MH  - Arctic Regions
MH  - Canada
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/analysis/*metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Milk/chemistry
MH  - *Models, Biological
MH  - Phoca/*metabolism
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis/*metabolism
EDAT- 2005/08/06 09:00
MHDA- 2006/02/04 09:00
CRDT- 2005/08/06 09:00
PHST- 2004/07/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2004/10/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2004/12/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2005/08/06 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/02/04 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/08/06 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(05)00431-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.085 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2005 Dec 1;351-352:413-26. doi: 
      10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.085. Epub 2005 Aug 2.