PMID- 16095678
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20051128
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 0091-3057 (Print)
IS  - 0091-3057 (Linking)
VI  - 81
IP  - 4
DP  - 2005 Aug
TI  - Impaired female sexual behavior of rat offspring exposed to Solanum lycocarpum 
      unripe fruits during gestation and lactation: lack of hormonal and fertility 
      alterations.
PG  - 928-34
AB  - Solanum lycocarpum St. Hil (Solanaceae) is an invasive and native shrub very 
      common in the Brazilian savanna. It is well known that this plant contain 
      steroidal glycoalkaloids that can be transformed into an intermediate for 
      steroidal drugs production, like oral contraceptives. In this way, it is very 
      possible that these glycoalkaloids and its aglycone, once in the body by 
      ingestion of S. lycocarpum fruits, may act disrupting to the endocrine system. 
      Rat offspring were exposed to S. lycocarpum unripe fruits (10% in the diet) from 
      gestational day (GD) 06 to post-natal day (PND) 07. The female exposed offspring 
      showed, at adult age (PND 100), impaired sexual behavior. However, the fecal 
      hormonal metabolite levels, measured at PND 30, PND 60 and PND 90, and the 
      fertility (PND 120) of male and female experimental offspring were normal. We can 
      assume that the steroidal glycoalkaloids, solamargine and solasodine, present in 
      the fruit, are degradated, once inside the organism, to the steroidal alkaloid 
      solasodine, which may penetrate, by simple diffusion, the placental and/or the 
      hematoencephalical barriers and impact the fetuses. Finally, S. lycocarpum fruit 
      may act as phytohormones, promoting perhaps some neural alterations that at adult 
      age may impair the sexual behavior of the experimental female without impairing 
      the fertility and sexual hormone synthesis. These changes observed can be the 
      direct consequence of the toxic actions of the steroidal alkaloid on the female 
      offspring during fetal development.
FAU - Schwarz, Aline
AU  - Schwarz A
AD  - Programa de Pos-Graduacao, Departamento de Toxicologia e Analises Toxicologicas, 
      Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo-SP, 
      Brazil.
FAU - Felippe, Erika C G
AU  - Felippe EC
FAU - Bernardi, Maria M
AU  - Bernardi MM
FAU - Spinosa, Helenice S
AU  - Spinosa HS
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Pharmacol Biochem Behav
JT  - Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
JID - 0367050
RN  - 0 (Plant Preparations)
RN  - 0 (Solanaceous Alkaloids)
RN  - 3671-38-3 (beta-solamarine)
RN  - 3XMK78S47O (Testosterone)
RN  - 4G7DS2Q64Y (Progesterone)
RN  - 4TI98Z838E (Estradiol)
RN  - L40Y453Y96 (solasodine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Newborn
MH  - Estradiol/metabolism
MH  - Feces/chemistry
MH  - Female
MH  - Fertility/drug effects
MH  - Fruit/*chemistry/physiology
MH  - Lactation
MH  - Male
MH  - Plant Preparations/chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
MH  - Progesterone/metabolism
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Sex Factors
MH  - Sexual Behavior, Animal/*drug effects
MH  - Solanaceous Alkaloids/chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - *Solanum
MH  - Testosterone/metabolism
MH  - Time Factors
EDAT- 2005/08/13 09:00
MHDA- 2005/12/13 09:00
CRDT- 2005/08/13 09:00
PHST- 2004/11/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2005/04/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2005/07/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2005/08/13 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/12/13 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/08/13 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0091-3057(05)00236-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.pbb.2005.07.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2005 Aug;81(4):928-34. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2005.07.003.