PMID- 16183525
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060117
LR  - 20220310
IS  - 1521-6918 (Print)
IS  - 1521-6918 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 4
DP  - 2005 Aug
TI  - Endocrine tumours of the gastrointestinal tract: aetiology, molecular 
      pathogenesis and genetics.
PG  - 519-34
AB  - Endocrine tumours of the gut and pancreas originate from cells of the diffuse 
      endocrine system and are characterised by the production of a wide variety of 
      bioactive substances including growth factors. Two major tumour categories are 
      distinguished-well-differentiated and poorly differentiated neoplasms-with 
      distinct phenotypes and significantly diverse clinical behaviour. Here, genetic 
      background data are summarised on an anatomical basis for tumours of foregut, 
      midgut and hindgut derivatives. For well-differentiated tumours, independent 
      techniques identified the abnormality of multiple chromosomal sites and genes, 
      pointing to a complex genetic background. Differences in foregut tumours compared 
      with midgut and hindgut tumours are, however, outlined. The multiple endocrine 
      neoplasia syndrome type 1 (MEN1) gene is reported to be involved in about 
      one-third of sporadic foregut endocrine tumours and exceptionally in midgut and 
      hindgut tumours. Similarly, X chromosome markers are associated with malignant 
      behaviour in foregut tumours only. For poorly differentiated carcinomas, a high 
      degree of chromosomal instability is the common genetic trait independent of 
      tumour site and frequently involving the p53 gene.
FAU - Rindi, Guido
AU  - Rindi G
AD  - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Section of Anatomic Pathology, 
      University of Parma, Italy. guido.rindi@unipr.it
FAU - Bordi, Cesare
AU  - Bordi C
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol
JT  - Best practice & research. Clinical gastroenterology
JID - 101120605
RN  - 0 (MEN1 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins)
RN  - 0 (RASSF1 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Suppressor Proteins)
RN  - 76057-06-2 (Transforming Growth Factors)
SB  - IM
MH  - Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/*genetics/pathology
MH  - Cell Differentiation
MH  - Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology
MH  - Genes, Tumor Suppressor/physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - Loss of Heterozygosity
MH  - Methylation
MH  - Pancreatic Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology
MH  - Phenotype
MH  - Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/physiology
MH  - Transforming Growth Factors/physiology
MH  - Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
RF  - 105
EDAT- 2005/09/27 09:00
MHDA- 2006/01/18 09:00
CRDT- 2005/09/27 09:00
PHST- 2005/09/27 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/01/18 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/09/27 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S1521-6918(05)00064-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.bpg.2005.03.005 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2005 Aug;19(4):519-34. doi: 
      10.1016/j.bpg.2005.03.005.