PMID- 16202070
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20051206
LR  - 20051005
IS  - 0908-665X (Print)
IS  - 0908-665X (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 6
DP  - 2005 Nov
TI  - Ultrastructural alterations in human blood leukocytes induced by porcine 
      circovirus type 1 infection.
PG  - 465-72
AB  - BACKGROUND: Swine infectious pathogens, especially viruses, represent a potential 
      public health risk associated with the use of pig tissues for xenotransplantation 
      in humans. We hypothesized that porcine circovirus type I (PCV-1) may infect 
      human mononuclear cells, resulting in ultrastructural alterations of the target 
      cells. METHODS: Transmission electron microscopy was used for evaluating 
      ultrastructural alterations of human cells exposed to a PCV-infected PK15 cell 
      line. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and fluorescence in situ 
      hybridization (FISH) were developed for detecting PCV-1 in human mononuclear 
      cells. RESULTS: Morphological alterations of the human T cells exposed to PCV 
      PK15 showed ''boomerang-shaped'' intracytoplasmic inclusions. Nucleocapsids 
      appeared free, close to the nucleus, or contained into cytoplasmic vacuoles. 
      Virions were observed near the surface of the human cells. A considerable number 
      of mature virions and immature forms could be observed in the human cells that 
      had a completely intact nuclear membrane with no alteration in the disposition of 
      chromatin. PCV-1 particles were identified budding into typical Golgi saccules 
      and vacuoles. Virions sized up to 23 nm in diameter, and appeared in the nucleus 
      and in the periphery of the cellular core. PCV-1 infection was detected on CD4+, 
      CD8+, CD14+, CD19+, and CD56+ human cells by PCR assay and FISH. CONCLUSIONS: 
      These results suggest that PCV has the capability of infecting human leukocytes 
      in vitro, and should be considered a potential risk of viral transmission during 
      xenotransplantation.
FAU - Arteaga-Troncoso, Gabriel
AU  - Arteaga-Troncoso G
AD  - Departamento de Infectologia e Inmunologia. Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, 
      Mexico City, Mexico. garteaga@latinmail.com
FAU - Guerra-Infante, Fernando
AU  - Guerra-Infante F
FAU - Rosales-Montano, Luz Maria
AU  - Rosales-Montano LM
FAU - Diaz-Garcia, Francisco Javier
AU  - Diaz-Garcia FJ
FAU - Flores-Medina, Saul
AU  - Flores-Medina S
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Denmark
TA  - Xenotransplantation
JT  - Xenotransplantation
JID - 9438793
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - Cell Nucleus/ultrastructure/virology
MH  - Circoviridae Infections/*blood/virology
MH  - Circovirus/*physiology/ultrastructure
MH  - Humans
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Leukocytes/*ultrastructure/*virology
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
MH  - Swine/*virology
EDAT- 2005/10/06 09:00
MHDA- 2005/12/13 09:00
CRDT- 2005/10/06 09:00
PHST- 2005/10/06 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/12/13 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/10/06 09:00 [entrez]
AID - XEN249 [pii]
AID - 10.1111/j.1399-3089.2005.00249.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Xenotransplantation. 2005 Nov;12(6):465-72. doi: 
      10.1111/j.1399-3089.2005.00249.x.