PMID- 16207693
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20051201
LR  - 20170214
IS  - 0884-5336 (Print)
IS  - 0884-5336 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 5
DP  - 2005 Oct
TI  - Gastrointestinal manifestations of food allergies in pediatric patients.
PG  - 526-35
AB  - Foods that account for 90% of allergic reactions in children are cow's milk 
      protein, eggs, peanut, soy, tree nuts, fish, and wheat. Food allergy can manifest 
      as urticaria/angioedema, anaphylaxis, atopic dermatitis, respiratory symptoms, or 
      a gastrointestinal (GI) disorder. GI allergic manifestations can be classified as 
      immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated (immediate GI hypersensitivity and oral allergy 
      syndrome); "mixed" GI allergy syndromes (involving some IgE components and some 
      non-IgE or T-cell-mediated components) include eosinophilic esophagitis and 
      eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Non-IgE-mediated or T-cell-mediated allergic GI 
      disorders include dietary protein enteropathy, protein-induced enterocolitis, and 
      proctitis. All these conditions share a common denominator: the response of the 
      immune system to a specific protein leading to pathologic inflammatory changes in 
      the GI tract. This immunological response can elicit symptoms such as diarrhea, 
      vomiting, dysphagia, constipation, or GI blood loss, symptoms consistent with a 
      GI disorder. The detection of food allergies can be accomplished by the use of 
      radioallergosorbent (RAST) testing and skin prick tests in helping to assess the 
      IgE-mediated disorders. Patch tests may help evaluate delayed hypersensitivity 
      reactions. Treatment of GI allergic disorders ranges from strict dietary 
      elimination of offending food(s), use of protein hydrolysates, and use of L-amino 
      acid-based formula when protein hydrolysates fail. Treatment with topical (for 
      eosinophilic esophagitis) or systemic steroids is used if all dietary measures 
      are unsuccessful. Maternal breast feeding or the use from birth of hydrolysate 
      formulas (extensive or partial hydrolysates) may be efficacious in the prevention 
      of atopic disease in "high-risk" families (with at least 1 parent or sibling with 
      a history of atopic disease).
FAU - Garcia-Careaga, Manuel Jr
AU  - Garcia-Careaga M Jr
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gasteroenterology, Hepatology, 
      and Nutrition, Stanford University Medical Center, 750 Welch Road, Suite 116, 
      Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
FAU - Kerner, John A Jr
AU  - Kerner JA Jr
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Nutr Clin Pract
JT  - Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for 
      Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
JID - 8606733
RN  - 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin E)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis/*immunology/*pathology/therapy
MH  - *Gastrointestinal Diseases/diagnosis/immunology/pathology/therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunoglobulin E/blood/immunology
MH  - T-Lymphocytes/immunology
RF  - 46
EDAT- 2005/10/07 09:00
MHDA- 2005/12/13 09:00
CRDT- 2005/10/07 09:00
PHST- 2005/10/07 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/12/13 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/10/07 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 20/5/526 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/0115426505020005526 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nutr Clin Pract. 2005 Oct;20(5):526-35. doi: 10.1177/0115426505020005526.