PMID- 16242168
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20061204
LR  - 20240312
IS  - 0042-6989 (Print)
IS  - 0042-6989 (Linking)
VI  - 46
IP  - 6-7
DP  - 2006 Mar
TI  - The initial ocular following responses elicited by apparent-motion stimuli: 
      reversal by inter-stimulus intervals.
PG  - 979-92
AB  - Transient apparent-motion stimuli, consisting of single 1/4-wavelength steps 
      applied to square-wave gratings lacking the fundamental ("missing fundamental 
      stimulus") and to sinusoidal gratings, were used to elicit ocular following 
      responses (OFRs) in humans. As previously reported [Sheliga, B. M., Chen, K. J., 
      FitzGibbon, E. J., & Miles, F. A. (2005). Initial ocular following in humans: a 
      response to first-order motion energy. Vision Research, in press], the earliest 
      OFRs were strongly dependent on the motion of the major Fourier component, 
      consistent with early spatio-temporal filtering prior to motion detection, as in 
      the well-known energy model of motion analysis. Introducing inter-stimulus 
      intervals (ISIs) of 10-200 ms, during which the screen was gray with the same 
      mean luminance, reversed the initial direction of the OFR, the peak reversed 
      responses (with ISIs of 20-40 ms) being substantially greater than the 
      non-reversed responses (with an ISI of 0 ms). When the mean luminance was reduced 
      to scotopic levels, reversals now occurred only with ISIs > or=60 ms and the peak 
      reversed responses (with ISIs of 60-100 ms) were substantially smaller than the 
      non-reversed responses (with an ISI of 0 ms). These findings are consistent with 
      the idea that initial OFRs are mediated by first-order motion-energy-sensing 
      mechanisms that receive a visual input whose temporal impulse response function 
      is strongly biphasic in photopic conditions and almost monophasic in scotopic 
      conditions.
FAU - Sheliga, B M
AU  - Sheliga BM
AD  - Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes 
      of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. bms@lsr.nei.nih.gov
FAU - Chen, K J
AU  - Chen KJ
FAU - FitzGibbon, E J
AU  - FitzGibbon EJ
FAU - Miles, F A
AU  - Miles FA
LA  - eng
GR  - Z01 EY000153-24/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
DEP - 20051018
PL  - England
TA  - Vision Res
JT  - Vision research
JID - 0417402
SB  - IM
MH  - Contrast Sensitivity/physiology
MH  - Dark Adaptation/physiology
MH  - Eye Movements/*physiology
MH  - Fourier Analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Lighting
MH  - Motion Perception/*physiology
MH  - Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology
MH  - Photic Stimulation/methods
MH  - Psychomotor Performance
MH  - Psychophysics
PMC - PMC2430525
MID - NIHMS51218
EDAT- 2005/10/26 09:00
MHDA- 2006/12/09 09:00
PMCR- 2008/06/17
CRDT- 2005/10/26 09:00
PHST- 2005/07/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2005/08/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2005/09/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2005/10/26 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/12/09 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/10/26 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2008/06/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0042-6989(05)00451-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.visres.2005.09.001 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vision Res. 2006 Mar;46(6-7):979-92. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2005.09.001. Epub 2005 
      Oct 18.