PMID- 16261824
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060502
LR  - 20190917
IS  - 0002-9645 (Print)
IS  - 0002-9645 (Linking)
VI  - 66
IP  - 9
DP  - 2005 Sep
TI  - Retention of ingested porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in 
      houseflies.
PG  - 1517-25
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate retention of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome 
      virus (PRRSV) in houseflies for various time frames and temperatures. SAMPLE 
      POPULATION: Fifteen 2-week-old pigs, two 10-week-old pigs, and 
      laboratory-cultivated houseflies. PROCEDURE: In an initial experiment, houseflies 
      were exposed to PRRSV; housed at 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees, and 30 
      degrees C; and tested at various time points. In a second experiment to determine 
      dynamics of virus retention, houseflies were exposed to PRRSV and housed under 
      controlled field conditions for 48 hours. Changes in the percentage of 
      PRRSV-positive flies and virus load per fly were assessed over time, and 
      detection of infective virus at 48 hours after exposure was measured. Finally, in 
      a third experiment, virus loads were measured in houseflies allowed to feed on 
      blood, oropharyngeal washings, and nasal washings obtained from experimentally 
      infected pigs. RESULTS: In experiment 1, PRRSV retention in houseflies was 
      proportional to temperature. In the second experiment, the percentage of 
      PRRSV-positive houseflies and virus load per fly decreased over time; however, 
      infective PRRSV was found in houseflies 48 hours after exposure. In experiment 3, 
      PRRSV was detected in houseflies allowed to feed on all 3 porcine body fluids. 
      CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: For the conditions of this study, houseflies 
      did not support PRRSV replication. Therefore, retention of PRRSV in houseflies 
      appears to be a function of initial virus load after ingestion and environmental 
      temperature. These factors may impact the risk of insect-borne spread of PRRSV 
      among farms.
FAU - Schurrer, Jennifer A
AU  - Schurrer JA
AD  - Swine Disease Eradication Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of 
      Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA.
FAU - Dee, Scott A
AU  - Dee SA
FAU - Moon, Roger D
AU  - Moon RD
FAU - Murtaugh, Michael P
AU  - Murtaugh MP
FAU - Finnegan, Colleen P
AU  - Finnegan CP
FAU - Deen, John
AU  - Deen J
FAU - Kleiboeker, Steven B
AU  - Kleiboeker SB
FAU - Pijoan, Carlos B J
AU  - Pijoan CB
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Vet Res
JT  - American journal of veterinary research
JID - 0375011
RN  - 0 (DNA Primers)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Body Fluids/virology
MH  - DNA Primers
MH  - Houseflies/*virology
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/*transmission
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/*genetics
MH  - Regression Analysis
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Swine
MH  - Swine Diseases/*transmission/*virology
MH  - Temperature
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Viral Load
EDAT- 2005/11/03 09:00
MHDA- 2006/05/04 09:00
CRDT- 2005/11/03 09:00
PHST- 2005/11/03 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/05/04 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/11/03 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.1517 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Vet Res. 2005 Sep;66(9):1517-25. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.1517.