PMID- 16267321
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20051108
LR  - 20220330
IS  - 1533-4406 (Electronic)
IS  - 0028-4793 (Linking)
VI  - 353
IP  - 18
DP  - 2005 Nov 3
TI  - Molecular identification of bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis.
PG  - 1899-911
AB  - BACKGROUND: Bacterial vaginosis affects millions of women and is associated with 
      several serious health conditions. The cause of bacterial vaginosis remains 
      poorly understood despite numerous studies based on cultures. Bacteria in 
      microbial communities can be identified without cultivation by characterizing 
      their ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences. METHODS: We identified bacteria in samples 
      of vaginal fluid with a combination of broad-range polymerase-chain-reaction 
      (PCR) amplification of 16S rDNA with clone analysis, bacterium-specific PCR assay 
      of 16S rDNA, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) performed directly on 
      vaginal fluid from 27 subjects with bacterial vaginosis and 46 without the 
      condition. Twenty-one subjects were studied with the use of broad-range PCR of 
      16S rDNA, and 73 subjects were studied with the use of bacterium-specific PCR. 
      RESULTS: Women without bacterial vaginosis had 1 to 6 vaginal bacterial species 
      (phylotypes) in each sample (mean, 3.3), as detected by broad-range PCR of 16S 
      rDNA, and lactobacillus species were the predominant bacteria noted (83 to 100 
      percent of clones). Women with bacterial vaginosis had greater bacterial 
      diversity (P<0.001), with 9 to 17 phylotypes (mean, 12.6) detected per sample and 
      newly recognized species present in 32 to 89 percent of clones per sample library 
      (mean, 58 percent). Thirty-five unique bacterial species were detected in the 
      women with bacterial vaginosis, including several species with no close 
      cultivated relatives. Bacterium-specific PCR assays showed that several bacteria 
      that had not been previously described were highly prevalent in subjects with 
      bacterial vaginosis but rare in healthy controls. FISH confirmed that newly 
      recognized bacteria detected by PCR corresponded to specific bacterial 
      morphotypes visible in vaginal fluid. CONCLUSIONS: Women with bacterial vaginosis 
      have complex vaginal infections with many newly recognized species, including 
      three bacteria in the Clostridiales order that were highly specific for bacterial 
      vaginosis.
CI  - Copyright 2005 Massachusetts Medical Society.
FAU - Fredricks, David N
AU  - Fredricks DN
AD  - Program in Infectious Diseases, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, 
      WA 98109-1024, USA. dfredric@fhcrc.org
FAU - Fiedler, Tina L
AU  - Fiedler TL
FAU - Marrazzo, Jeanne M
AU  - Marrazzo JM
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 AI061628/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01AI052228/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R03AI053250/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - N Engl J Med
JT  - The New England journal of medicine
JID - 0255562
RN  - 0 (DNA, Bacterial)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Ribosomal)
SB  - IM
CIN - N Engl J Med. 2005 Nov 3;353(18):1886-7. PMID: 16267319
CIN - N Engl J Med. 2006 Jan 12;354(2):202-3; author reply 202-3. PMID: 16407518
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Clostridium/classification/genetics/*isolation & purification
MH  - DNA, Bacterial/analysis
MH  - DNA, Ribosomal/analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Gardnerella vaginalis/genetics/isolation & purification
MH  - Humans
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Lactobacillus/genetics/*isolation & purification
MH  - Phylogeny
MH  - Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Vagina/*microbiology
MH  - Vaginosis, Bacterial/*microbiology
EDAT- 2005/11/04 09:00
MHDA- 2005/11/09 09:00
CRDT- 2005/11/04 09:00
PHST- 2005/11/04 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/11/09 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/11/04 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 353/18/1899 [pii]
AID - 10.1056/NEJMoa043802 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - N Engl J Med. 2005 Nov 3;353(18):1899-911. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa043802.