PMID- 16289045
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060411
LR  - 20060130
IS  - 0014-4835 (Print)
IS  - 0014-4835 (Linking)
VI  - 82
IP  - 3
DP  - 2006 Mar
TI  - Choroidal innervation in primate eyes.
PG  - 357-61
AB  - Arteries and arterioles of the choroid are surrounded by numerous nerve fibers 
      staining for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). 
      In most mammalian eyes these nerve fibers derive from the pterygopalatine 
      ganglion via the facial nerve. Stimulation of the facial nerve causes 
      vasodilation of the choroidal vasculature. In primates with a well developed 
      fovea centralis there are ganglion cells in the choroidal stroma which in human 
      eyes amount to around 2000. The postganglionic nerve fibers of these choroidal 
      ganglion cells (CGC) join the perivascular nerve fiber plexus. The CGC stain for 
      NOS and VIP like the nerve cells within the pterygopalatine ganglion. There are, 
      however, differences between the two cell populations. Immunohistochemical and 
      ultrastructural classification of the CGC show that in addition to NOS and VIP 
      almost half of the cells stain for calretinin, single ones for neuropeptide Y 
      (NPY) and galanin. A number of cells is in close contact with numerous boutons 
      staining for nNOS, VIP, NPY, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), vesicular monoaminergic 
      transporter (VMAT)2, vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VACHT), calretinin, and 
      NPY. These data indicate a more complex integrative function of CGCs e.g. volume 
      regulation in parallel with ciliary muscle contraction during accommodation. 
      Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies indicate, that CGCs in addition 
      may have mechanosensory properties. Whether they are involved in 
      volume-regulatory functions independent of accommodation is not yet known. In 
      glaucoma disease the number of CGCs is significantly reduced. This holds true for 
      eyes with primary open angle glaucoma, pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and 
      experimentally induced monkey glaucoma indicating that elevated IOP is involved 
      in the pathogenesis of glaucomatous CGC-degeneration.
FAU - Lutjen-Drecoll, Elke
AU  - Lutjen-Drecoll E
AD  - Department of Anatomy II, University Erlangen-Nurnberg, Universitatsstrasse 19, 
      91054 Erlangen, Germany. lisa.koehler@anatomie2.med.uni-erlangen.de
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20051110
PL  - England
TA  - Exp Eye Res
JT  - Experimental eye research
JID - 0370707
RN  - 0 (Nerve Tissue Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Accommodation, Ocular/physiology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Arteries
MH  - Choroid/blood supply/*innervation
MH  - Ganglia, Parasympathetic/*physiology
MH  - Glaucoma/metabolism/physiopathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Muscle, Smooth/physiology
MH  - Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
MH  - Primates/*physiology
RF  - 44
EDAT- 2005/11/18 09:00
MHDA- 2006/04/12 09:00
CRDT- 2005/11/18 09:00
PHST- 2005/06/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2005/09/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2005/11/18 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/04/12 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/11/18 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0014-4835(05)00304-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.exer.2005.09.015 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Exp Eye Res. 2006 Mar;82(3):357-61. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2005.09.015. Epub 2005 
      Nov 10.