PMID- 16289931
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20061005
LR  - 20190508
IS  - 0376-8716 (Print)
IS  - 0376-8716 (Linking)
VI  - 82
IP  - 3
DP  - 2006 May 20
TI  - Hyperthermia induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in unrestrained rhesus 
      monkeys.
PG  - 276-81
AB  - BACKGROUND: Exposure to (+/-)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ((+/-)MDMA) 
      results in lasting reductions of many markers for serotonin terminals in a range 
      of species. In rodents, the severity of insult depends in large part on the 
      generation of hyperthermia in the subject. (+/-)MDMA can produce either 
      hyperthermia or hypothermia in rodents depending on the ambient temperature and 
      these effects may be limited to the S(+) enantiomer. Limited prior evidence 
      suggests (+/-)MDMA does not produce hyperthermia in chair-restrained monkeys 
      [Bowyer, J.F., Young, J.F., Slikker, W., Itzak, Y., Mayorga, A.J., Newport, G.D., 
      Ali, S.F., Frederick, D.L., Paule, M.G., 2003. Plasma levels of parent compound 
      and metabolites after doses of either d-fenfluramine or 
      d-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) that produce long-term serotonergic 
      alterations. Neurotoxicology 24, 379-390]. This study was therefore conducted to 
      determine if racemic MDMA and its enantiomers induce hyperthermia and increase 
      spontaneous locomotor activity in unrestrained rhesus monkeys. METHODS: Body 
      temperature and spontaneous home cage activity were monitored continuously in 
      four monkeys via radiotelemetric devices. The subjects were challenged with 1.7 
      mg/kg, i.m., (+/-)MDMA, S(+)MDMA and R(-)MDMA in pseudorandomized order. RESULTS: 
      Maximum and average temperature in the 4h interval post-dosing was elevated 
      0.7-0.9 degrees C by (+/-)MDMA and each enantiomer. Reductions in locomotor 
      activity following dosing did not reliably differ from vehicle effects. 
      CONCLUSIONS: MDMA produces an acute hyperthermia in unrestrained rhesus monkeys, 
      much as it does with rats, mice, pigs, rabbits and humans. Hyperthermia occurs 
      despite no increase in locomotor activity thus the effect does not depend on 
      motor activation. Each enantiomer appears to be equivalently active thus primates 
      may differ from rodents in thermoregulatory sensitivity to the R(-) enantiomer. 
      Significant differences in outcome between this and a prior study in monkeys 
      indicate a need for additional study of the thermoregulatory impact of MDMA in 
      nonhuman primates.
FAU - Taffe, Michael A
AU  - Taffe MA
AD  - Department of Neuropharmacology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 
      92037, USA. mtaffe@scripps.edu
FAU - Lay, Christopher C
AU  - Lay CC
FAU - Von Huben, Stefani N
AU  - Von Huben SN
FAU - Davis, Sophia A
AU  - Davis SA
FAU - Crean, Rebecca D
AU  - Crean RD
FAU - Katner, Simon N
AU  - Katner SN
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 DA018418/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DA013390/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DA018418/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20051111
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Drug Alcohol Depend
JT  - Drug and alcohol dependence
JID - 7513587
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Body Temperature/drug effects
MH  - Circadian Rhythm
MH  - Hallucinogens/pharmacology
MH  - *Hyperthermia, Induced
MH  - Macaca mulatta
MH  - Male
MH  - Models, Animal
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*pharmacology
MH  - Reference Values
MH  - Restraint, Physical
MH  - Telemetry
MH  - Time Factors
PMC - PMC1551973
MID - NIHMS7279
EDAT- 2005/11/18 09:00
MHDA- 2006/10/06 09:00
PMCR- 2008/01/28
CRDT- 2005/11/18 09:00
PHST- 2005/08/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2005/09/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2005/09/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2005/11/18 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/10/06 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/11/18 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2008/01/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0376-8716(05)00301-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.09.013 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Drug Alcohol Depend. 2006 May 20;82(3):276-81. doi: 
      10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.09.013. Epub 2005 Nov 11.