PMID- 16470404
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070302
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 0033-3158 (Print)
IS  - 0033-3158 (Linking)
VI  - 189
IP  - 4
DP  - 2007 Jan
TI  - Relevance of rodent models of intravenous MDMA self-administration to human MDMA 
      consumption patterns.
PG  - 425-34
AB  - RATIONALE: Despite decades of research specifying harmful effects produced by 
      3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; a principal component of 'ecstasy' 
      pills), young people (and adults) continue to use it. In an attempt to model 
      human MDMA consumption patterns, preclinical investigators have sought to 
      establish reliable patterns of intravenous MDMA self-administration in rodents. 
      OBJECTIVE: The objective of this report is to offer a critical review of 
      published data (including our own novel findings) that reveal MDMA 
      self-administration in rodents. RESULTS: The data indicate that MDMA serves as a 
      reinforcer in rodents, though the responses are not similar to those previously 
      reported for psychostimulants (i.e., cocaine). Important differences between 
      rodent models and human use patterns include frequency of dosing and dosage 
      exposure, routes of administration, tolerance that develops to MDMA after 
      repeated exposure, polydrug use in humans but not by rodents, limits on the 
      repertoire of behaviors that can be exhibited by rodents undergoing IV 
      self-administration procedures, and the question of neurotoxicity as it relates 
      to models of self-administration. CONCLUSIONS: While MDMA is not as potent a 
      reinforcer as other drugs of abuse, the fact remains that young people and adults 
      continue to use the drug, and therefore, additional research is needed to 
      determine why drugs with low reinforcing effects continue to be abused.
FAU - De La Garza, R 2nd
AU  - De La Garza R 2nd
AD  - Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of 
      Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Semel Institute for 
      Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA. 
      rdlgarza@mednet.ucla.edu
FAU - Fabrizio, K R
AU  - Fabrizio KR
FAU - Gupta, A
AU  - Gupta A
LA  - eng
GR  - DA 15126-01/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Review
DEP - 20060210
PL  - Germany
TA  - Psychopharmacology (Berl)
JT  - Psychopharmacology
JID - 7608025
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Behavior, Addictive/*psychology
MH  - Behavior, Animal/*drug effects
MH  - Conditioning, Psychological/drug effects
MH  - Discrimination, Psychological/drug effects
MH  - Hallucinogens/*administration & dosage
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infusions, Intravenous
MH  - *Models, Animal
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*administration & dosage
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Long-Evans
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - *Reinforcement, Psychology
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - *Self Administration
MH  - Self Stimulation/drug effects
MH  - Species Specificity
RF  - 60
EDAT- 2006/02/14 09:00
MHDA- 2007/03/03 09:00
CRDT- 2006/02/14 09:00
PHST- 2005/06/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2005/11/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/02/14 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/03/03 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/02/14 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00213-005-0255-5 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2007 Jan;189(4):425-34. doi: 
      10.1007/s00213-005-0255-5. Epub 2006 Feb 10.