PMID- 16490587
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060525
LR  - 20081121
IS  - 0149-2918 (Print)
IS  - 0149-2918 (Linking)
VI  - 28
IP  - 1
DP  - 2006 Jan
TI  - Different methods of presenting risk information and their influence on 
      medication compliance intentions: results of three studies.
PG  - 129-39
AB  - BACKGROUND: Pharmaceutical noncompliance is an increasingly important problem in 
      the United States, leading to hundreds of thousands of deaths and billions of 
      wasted dollars each year. Patients' fear of adverse events (AEs) is one possible 
      reason for lack of compliance. OBJECTIVES: The aims of the 3 studies described in 
      this article were to investigate whether commonly used methods of conveying AE 
      risk might influence subjects' perceptions of their risk of experiencing 
      drug-related AEs and whether disclosing this information by other means might 
      subsequently influence their intentions to comply with prescribed medication 
      regimens. METHODS: In study 1, randomly selected participants were surveyed to 
      estimate their percentage risk for medication AEs. In study 2, randomly selected 
      participants were presented with a fictitious medical scenario, informed of their 
      AE risk either in terms of specific percentages or in general semantic terms (eg, 
      "some people may experience"), and then asked to rate their fear of AEs and 
      likelihood of compliance. Study 3 was a randomized, controlled experiment in 
      which we duplicated the methods of study 2, with the addition of real-life 
      stimuli (pharmaceutical advertisements). RESULTS: In study 1, 40 subjects were 
      surveyed. Participants overestimated their risk of AEs when information was 
      disclosed semantically. In study 2, people were more fearful of experiencing AEs 
      and less likely to intend to comply with prescribed medication regimens (both, P 
      < 0.01) when presented with AE risk information in the form of semantic risk 
      frames rather than actual risk percentages. In study 3, 120 subjects 
      participated. Again, participants expressed stronger intent to comply with 
      medication regimens when they received AE risk information as percentages rather 
      than in semantic terms (P < 0.04). In addition, intended likelihood to comply was 
      negatively correlated with fear of experiencing AEs (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In 
      these studies, informing participants of actual percentage risk of AEs was 
      associated with less fear about AEs and greater intent to comply with prescribed 
      regimens. Using verbal descriptors to disclose AE risk information was associated 
      with less intent to comply.
FAU - Young, Sean D
AU  - Young SD
AD  - Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA. 
      young@psych.stanford.edu
FAU - Oppenheimer, Daniel M
AU  - Oppenheimer DM
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Clin Ther
JT  - Clinical therapeutics
JID - 7706726
SB  - IM
MH  - Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems/*trends
MH  - Drug Prescriptions/*standards
MH  - *Guideline Adherence
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Patient Compliance
MH  - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/methods/standards
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - United States
EDAT- 2006/02/24 09:00
MHDA- 2006/05/26 09:00
CRDT- 2006/02/24 09:00
PHST- 2005/11/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/02/24 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/05/26 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/02/24 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0149-2918(06)00027-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.clinthera.2006.01.013 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Ther. 2006 Jan;28(1):129-39. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2006.01.013.