PMID- 16499709 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20060421 LR - 20081121 IS - 0962-1083 (Print) IS - 0962-1083 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 3 DP - 2006 Mar TI - A 'dirty' business: testing the limitations of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) analysis of soil fungi. PG - 873-82 AB - Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) is an increasingly popular method in molecular ecology. However, several key limitations of this method have not been fully examined especially when used to study fungi. We investigated the impact of spore contamination, intracollection ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region variation, and conserved restriction enzyme recognition loci on the results produced by TRFLP to characterize soil fungal communities. We find that (i) the potential for nontarget structures such as spores to contribute DNA to target sample extractions is high; (ii) multiple fragments (i.e. 'extra peaks') per PCR primer-restriction enzyme combination can be detected that are caused by restriction enzyme inefficiency and intracollection ribosomal DNA ITS variation; and (iii) restriction enzyme digestion in conserved vs. variable gene regions leads to different characterizations of community diversity. Based on these results, we suggest that studies employing TRFLP need to include information from known, identified fungi from sites within which studies take place and not to rely only on TRFLP profiles as a short cut to fungal community description. FAU - Avis, Peter G AU - Avis PG AD - Department of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL 60605-2496, USA. pavis@fieldmuseum.org FAU - Dickie, Ian A AU - Dickie IA FAU - Mueller, Gregory M AU - Mueller GM LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. PL - England TA - Mol Ecol JT - Molecular ecology JID - 9214478 RN - 0 (DNA, Fungal) RN - 0 (DNA, Ribosomal Spacer) RN - EC 3.1.21.- (DNA Restriction Enzymes) SB - IM MH - Base Sequence MH - DNA Restriction Enzymes MH - DNA, Fungal/*analysis/genetics MH - DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/genetics MH - Fluorescence MH - Fungi/*genetics MH - *Genetic Variation MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Polymerase Chain Reaction MH - *Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length MH - Soil Microbiology MH - Spores EDAT- 2006/02/28 09:00 MHDA- 2006/04/25 09:00 CRDT- 2006/02/28 09:00 PHST- 2006/02/28 09:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2006/04/25 09:00 [medline] PHST- 2006/02/28 09:00 [entrez] AID - MEC2842 [pii] AID - 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02842.x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mol Ecol. 2006 Mar;15(3):873-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02842.x.