PMID- 16528904
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060503
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 1764-1489 (Print)
IS  - 1764-1489 (Linking)
VI  - 37
IP  - 10
DP  - 2005 Dec
TI  - Transglutaminases: a meeting point for wheat allergy, celiac disease, and food 
      safety.
PG  - 397-403
AB  - Wheat is the staple cereal in many countries and its uses in manufactured foods 
      are ever growing due to the technological qualities of gluten proteins. 
      Transglutaminases (TG) are ubiquitous enzymes with many functions. They are able 
      to transform proteins by deamidation and/or transamidation. This last reaction 
      can cross-link proteins together. Intestinal tissue TG has been shown to play an 
      important role in two kinds of immune reactions to wheat: celiac disease and 
      wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis. In addition, new epitopes have been 
      suspected in cases of anaphylaxis to wheat isolates, a food ingredient consisting 
      mainly of deamidated gluten proteins. As a microbial TG is included in many food 
      technological processes, its safe use should be checked. This assessment must 
      cover not only the safety of the TG itself but also that of the 
      deamidated/cross-linked proteins generated by this enzyme. This article aims at 
      discussing the possible consequences of using TG in food industry in the light of 
      today knowledge about immune reactions to wheat.
FAU - Malandain, H
AU  - Malandain H
AD  - Laboratoire de Biochimie - Centre Hospitalier Chubert - 56000 Vannes, France. 
      henri.malandain@ch-bretagne-atlantique.fr
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Italy
TA  - Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol
JT  - European annals of allergy and clinical immunology
JID - 101466614
RN  - 0 (Bacterial Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Cross-Linking Reagents)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Epitopes)
RN  - 0 (Food Additives)
RN  - 0 (Plant Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Prolamins)
RN  - 0RH81L854J (Glutamine)
RN  - 3KX376GY7L (Glutamic Acid)
RN  - 8002-80-0 (Glutens)
RN  - EC 2.3.2.13 (Transglutaminases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Asthma, Exercise-Induced/etiology/prevention & control
MH  - Bacterial Proteins/administration & dosage/*adverse 
      effects/metabolism/pharmacology
MH  - Celiac Disease/*etiology/immunology
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cross Reactions
MH  - Cross-Linking Reagents/administration & dosage/adverse effects/pharmacology
MH  - Dietary Proteins/*adverse effects/immunology/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Digestion
MH  - Edible Grain/adverse effects
MH  - Epitopes/drug effects/immunology
MH  - Food Additives/administration & dosage/*adverse effects/pharmacology
MH  - Food Handling/*methods
MH  - Food Microbiology
MH  - Glutamic Acid/metabolism
MH  - Glutamine/metabolism
MH  - Glutens/adverse effects/chemistry/drug effects/immunology/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Industrial Microbiology
MH  - Intestinal Mucosa/*enzymology
MH  - Plant Proteins/adverse effects/chemistry/drug effects/immunology/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Prolamins
MH  - *Protein Processing, Post-Translational
MH  - Protein Structure, Tertiary
MH  - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
MH  - Streptomyces/*enzymology
MH  - Substrate Specificity
MH  - Transglutaminases/administration & dosage/*adverse 
      effects/metabolism/pharmacology
MH  - Triticum/*adverse effects/immunology
MH  - Wheat Hypersensitivity/*etiology
RF  - 50
EDAT- 2006/03/15 09:00
MHDA- 2006/05/04 09:00
CRDT- 2006/03/15 09:00
PHST- 2006/03/15 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/05/04 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/03/15 09:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005 Dec;37(10):397-403.