PMID- 16568293
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070620
LR  - 20171116
IS  - 1618-2642 (Print)
IS  - 1618-2642 (Linking)
VI  - 385
IP  - 1
DP  - 2006 May
TI  - Modified superheated water extraction of pesticides from spiked sediment and 
      soil.
PG  - 83-9
AB  - In this study a laboratory-made superheated water system was applied in order to 
      extract some pesticides from sand, sediment and soil samples. Extraction 
      efficiencies were investigated at different time intervals with regard to 
      temperature, type and amount of organic modifier. Pesticides were removed from 
      the aqueous extract using dichloromethane as a trapping solvent. The optimal 
      extraction temperature from sand specimens for malathion, heptachlor, aldrin, 
      dieldrin, butachlor, metalaxyl and propiconazole was found to be 160 degrees C, 
      while those for chlordane and thiobencarb were 120 degrees C and 180 degrees C, 
      respectively. The static extraction time for heptachlor, aldrin, dieldrin, 
      butachlor and metalaxyl was found to be 15 min, whereas for malathion and 
      thiobencarb it was 5 min, and for chlordane and propiconazole it was 10 and 20 
      min, respectively. Recoveries for the extractions of the pesticides from sand 
      under optimized extraction conditions ranged between 96 and 101%. Those obtained 
      from sediment under such conditions were unsatisfactory, and were consequently 
      improved by adding an organic modifier to the superheated water, and sodium 
      chloride to the extract during liquid-liquid extraction. These procedures were 
      optimized further for the parameters described and recoveries exceeded 91%, with 
      the exception of butachlor. The extraction technique was also applied to soil 
      samples at a reduced water flow rate of 0.5 mL min(-1), yielding recoveries of 
      82-105%, and 76% for dieldrin. The reproducibilities, expressed as relative 
      standard deviations (RSDs), ranged between 2 and 13%.
FAU - Chienthavorn, O
AU  - Chienthavorn O
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, P.O. Box 1011, 
      Chatuchak, Bangkok 10903, Thailand. fsciopc@ku.ac.th
FAU - Su-in, P
AU  - Su-in P
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20060328
PL  - Germany
TA  - Anal Bioanal Chem
JT  - Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
JID - 101134327
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
SB  - IM
MH  - Geologic Sediments/*chemistry
MH  - *Hot Temperature
MH  - Pesticides/*chemistry/*isolation & purification
MH  - Soil/*analysis
MH  - Water/*chemistry
EDAT- 2006/03/29 09:00
MHDA- 2007/06/21 09:00
CRDT- 2006/03/29 09:00
PHST- 2005/11/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/02/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/01/30 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2006/03/29 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/06/21 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/03/29 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00216-006-0350-4 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Anal Bioanal Chem. 2006 May;385(1):83-9. doi: 10.1007/s00216-006-0350-4. Epub 
      2006 Mar 28.