PMID- 16579723
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060630
LR  - 20181201
IS  - 1096-620X (Print)
IS  - 1096-620X (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 1
DP  - 2006 Spring
TI  - Antiobesity effect of Kochujang (Korean fermented red pepper paste) extract in 
      3T3-L1 adipocytes.
PG  - 15-21
AB  - Kochujang (Korean fermented red pepper paste) is a mixture of fermented soybeans, 
      wheat, and red pepper powder. Kochujang has been reported to reduce body fat gain 
      and lipid levels of adipose tissues and serum in rats. We studied the inhibitory 
      effect of Kochujang on lipid accumulation and investigated the molecular 
      mechanism of the action in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by measuring the expression levels 
      of adipocyte-specific genes by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain 
      reaction. When 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with Kochujang extract (KE), the 
      sizes of adipocytes and leptin secretion were decreased. Hormone-sensitive lipase 
      (HSL) was transcriptionally up-regulated at 4 hours, and glycerol secretion was 
      increased at both 4 hours and 24 hours. Moreover, mRNA expression levels of both 
      sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1-c (SREBP-1c) and peroxisome 
      proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma), which are critical 
      transcription factors for adipogenesis, were markedly down-regulated. Tumor 
      necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is reported to impair pre-adipocyte 
      differentiation and induce lipolysis and apoptosis. KE treatment of 3T3-L1 
      adipocytes decreased TNF-alpha mRNA levels, but had no apparent affect on 
      apoptosis. Taken together, our study shows that Kochujang decreased lipid 
      accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by inhibiting adipogenesis through 
      down-regulation of SREBP-1c and PPAR-gamma and by stimulation of lipolysis due to 
      increased HSL activity. TNF-alpha might not be involved in the reduction of lipid 
      accumulation by KE.
FAU - Ahn, In-Sook
AU  - Ahn IS
AD  - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan, 
      Korea.
FAU - Do, Myoung-Sool
AU  - Do MS
FAU - Kim, Su-Ok
AU  - Kim SO
FAU - Jung, Hun-Soon
AU  - Jung HS
FAU - Kim, Young-In
AU  - Kim YI
FAU - Kim, Hye-Jung
AU  - Kim HJ
FAU - Park, Kun-Young
AU  - Park KY
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - J Med Food
JT  - Journal of medicinal food
JID - 9812512
RN  - 0 (Anti-Obesity Agents)
RN  - 0 (Leptin)
RN  - 0 (PPAR gamma)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
SB  - IM
MH  - 3T3-L1 Cells
MH  - Adipocytes/*drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Adipogenesis/genetics
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anti-Obesity Agents/*pharmacology
MH  - Apoptosis/drug effects
MH  - Capsicum/*chemistry
MH  - Cell Size/drug effects
MH  - *Fermentation
MH  - Leptin/metabolism
MH  - Lipid Metabolism
MH  - Mice
MH  - PPAR gamma/genetics
MH  - Plant Extracts/*pharmacology
MH  - RNA, Messenger/analysis
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1/genetics
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
EDAT- 2006/04/04 09:00
MHDA- 2006/07/01 09:00
CRDT- 2006/04/04 09:00
PHST- 2006/04/04 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/07/01 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/04/04 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1089/jmf.2006.9.15 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Med Food. 2006 Spring;9(1):15-21. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2006.9.15.