PMID- 16585279
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060510
LR  - 20220310
IS  - 1098-4275 (Electronic)
IS  - 0031-4005 (Linking)
VI  - 117
IP  - 4
DP  - 2006 Apr
TI  - Universal newborn hearing screening and postnatal hearing loss.
PG  - e631-6
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to determine the percentage of children who 
      have a postnatal permanent childhood hearing impairment (PCHI) and the percentage 
      thereof who have risk indicators for a postnatal hearing loss. METHODS: Data were 
      drawn retrospectively from the clinical charts of children who had bilateral PCHI 
      (>40 dB hearing level, better ear, unaided) and had undergone universal newborn 
      hearing screening (UNHS) between 1995 and 2000 in various Austrian hospitals. A 
      hearing loss was recognized as postnatal when a child passed UNHS but was later 
      found to have a hearing impairment. The presence of risk indicators, as suggested 
      by the Year 2000 Statement of the American Joint Committee on Infant Hearing 
      (JCIH), was assessed by reviewing the children's clinical charts. RESULTS: Of a 
      total of 105 children with bilateral PCHI, 23 (22%) showed postnatal impairment. 
      After correction of this number for underascertainment, postnatal impairment was 
      estimated to account for 25% of all bilateral PCHI at age 9 years. Risk 
      indicators were found in 17 children but did not fully correspond to those 
      proposed by the JCIH. The risk factors found were a family history of hearing 
      loss (3 children), meningitis (2), craniofacial malformation (2), persistent 
      pulmonary hypertension (1), congenital cytomegaly infection (1), extracorporeal 
      membrane oxygenation (1), recurrent otitis media with effusion (1), and, in 
      addition to the JCIH list, ototoxic therapy (5), and birth before 33rd 
      gestational week (2) (1 child had a combination of the last 2). Six children 
      showed no risk indicators for the postnatal hearing loss. CONCLUSIONS: Our 
      findings suggest that approximately 25% of bilateral childhood hearing loss is 
      postnatal, which supports the leading role of UNHS in detecting PCHI. Provisions 
      for also identifying postnatal cases nevertheless are justified. Because in some 
      of these children no risk indicators are detectable and in others the hearing 
      deterioration starts after age 3 years, audiologic monitoring of at-risk children 
      up to this age may not be sufficient. Additional methods, such as hearing 
      screening at nursery schools or schools, are recommended.
FAU - Weichbold, Viktor
AU  - Weichbold V
AD  - Clinical Department of Hearing, Voice and Speech Disorders, Innsbruck Medical 
      University, Innsbruck, Austria. viktor.weichbold@uklibk.ac.at
FAU - Nekahm-Heis, Doris
AU  - Nekahm-Heis D
FAU - Welzl-Mueller, Kunigunde
AU  - Welzl-Mueller K
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Pediatrics
JT  - Pediatrics
JID - 0376422
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Evoked Potentials, Auditory
MH  - Hearing Loss, Bilateral/*congenital/*diagnosis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - *Neonatal Screening
MH  - Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Risk Factors
EDAT- 2006/04/06 09:00
MHDA- 2006/05/11 09:00
CRDT- 2006/04/06 09:00
PHST- 2006/04/06 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/05/11 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/04/06 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 117/4/e631 [pii]
AID - 10.1542/peds.2005-1455 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatrics. 2006 Apr;117(4):e631-6. doi: 10.1542/peds.2005-1455.