PMID- 16601286
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060706
LR  - 20171116
IS  - 1351-0088 (Print)
IS  - 1351-0088 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 1
DP  - 2006 Mar
TI  - Increased expression of type 2 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/type 5 
      17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (AKR1C3) and its relationship with androgen 
      receptor in prostate carcinoma.
PG  - 169-80
AB  - Type 2 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3alpha-HSD) is a multi-functional 
      enzyme that possesses 3alpha-, 17beta- and 20alpha-HSD, as well as prostaglandin 
      (PG) F synthase activities and catalyzes androgen, estrogen, progestin and PG 
      metabolism. Type 2 3alpha-HSD was cloned from human prostate, is a member of the 
      aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily and was named AKR1C3. In androgen target 
      tissues such as the prostate, AKR1C3 catalyzes the conversion of 
      Delta(4)-androstene-3,17-dione to testosterone, 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone to 
      5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol (3alpha-diol), and 3alpha-diol to 
      androsterone. Thus AKR1C3 may regulate the balance of androgens and hence 
      trans-activation of the androgen receptor in these tissues. Tissue distribution 
      studies indicate that AKR1C3 transcripts are highly expressed in human prostate. 
      To measure AKR1C3 protein expression and its distribution in the prostate, we 
      raised a monoclonal antibody specifically recognizing AKR1C3. This antibody 
      allowed us to distinguish AKR1C3 from other AKR1C family members in human 
      tissues. Immunoblot analysis showed that this monoclonal antibody binds to one 
      species of protein in primary cultures of prostate epithelial cells and in LNCaP 
      prostate cancer cells. Immunohistochemistry with this antibody on human prostate 
      detected strong nuclear immunoreactivity in normal stromal and smooth muscle 
      cells, perineurial cells, urothelial (transitional) cells, and endothelial cells. 
      Normal prostate epithelial cells were only faintly immunoreactive or negative. 
      Positive immunoreactivity was demonstrated in primary prostatic adenocarcinoma in 
      9 of 11 cases. Variable increases in immunoreactivity for AKR1C3 was also 
      demonstrated in non-neoplastic changes in the prostate including chronic 
      inflammation, atrophy and urothelial (transitional) cell metaplasia. We conclude 
      that elevated expression of AKR1C3 is highly associated with prostate carcinoma. 
      Although the biological significance of elevated AKR1C3 in prostatic carcinoma is 
      uncertain, AKR1C3 may be responsible for the trophic effects of androgens and/or 
      PGs on prostatic epithelial cells.
FAU - Fung, K-M
AU  - Fung KM
AD  - Department of Urology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 920 Stanton 
      L Young Blvd, WP3150, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
FAU - Samara, E N S
AU  - Samara EN
FAU - Wong, C
AU  - Wong C
FAU - Metwalli, A
AU  - Metwalli A
FAU - Krlin, R
AU  - Krlin R
FAU - Bane, B
AU  - Bane B
FAU - Liu, C Z
AU  - Liu CZ
FAU - Yang, J T
AU  - Yang JT
FAU - Pitha, J V
AU  - Pitha JV
FAU - Culkin, D J
AU  - Culkin DJ
FAU - Kropp, B P
AU  - Kropp BP
FAU - Penning, T M
AU  - Penning TM
FAU - Lin, Hsueh-Kung
AU  - Lin HK
LA  - eng
GR  - CA 97044/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DK 47015/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DK 54925/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PL  - England
TA  - Endocr Relat Cancer
JT  - Endocrine-related cancer
JID - 9436481
RN  - 0 (AR protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Androgen)
RN  - EC 1.1.- (3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases)
RN  - EC 1.1.1.- (Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenases)
RN  - EC 1.1.1.357 (AKR1C3 protein, human)
RN  - EC 1.1.1.357 (Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C3)
SB  - IM
MH  - 3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases/genetics/immunology/*metabolism
MH  - Adenocarcinoma/*enzymology/pathology
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C3
MH  - Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - Epithelial Cells/enzymology
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenases/genetics/immunology/*metabolism
MH  - Immunoenzyme Techniques
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Prostate/*enzymology
MH  - Prostatic Neoplasms/*enzymology/pathology
MH  - Receptors, Androgen/*metabolism
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Stromal Cells/enzymology/pathology
MH  - Tumor Cells, Cultured
EDAT- 2006/04/08 09:00
MHDA- 2006/07/11 09:00
CRDT- 2006/04/08 09:00
PHST- 2006/04/08 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/07/11 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/04/08 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 13/1/169 [pii]
AID - 10.1677/erc.1.01048 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Endocr Relat Cancer. 2006 Mar;13(1):169-80. doi: 10.1677/erc.1.01048.