PMID- 16679403
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060818
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 0363-6135 (Print)
IS  - 0363-6135 (Linking)
VI  - 291
IP  - 2
DP  - 2006 Aug
TI  - Scaling of diastolic intraventricular pressure gradients is related to filling 
      time duration.
PG  - H762-9
AB  - In early diastole, pressure is lower in the apex than in the base of the left 
      ventricle (LV). This early intraventricular pressure difference (IVPD) 
      facilitates LV filling. We assessed how LV diastolic IVPD and intraventricular 
      pressure gradient (IVPG), defined as IVPD divided by length, scale to the heart 
      size and other physiological variables. We studied 10 mice, 10 rats, 5 rabbits, 
      12 dogs, and 21 humans by echocardiography. Color Doppler M-mode data were 
      postprocessed to reconstruct IVPD and IVPG. Normalized LV filling time was 
      calculated by dividing filling time by RR interval. The relationship between 
      IVPD, IVPG, normalized LV filling time, and LV end-diastolic volume (or mass) as 
      fit to the general scaling equation Y = kM beta, where M is LV heart size 
      parameter, Y is a dependent variable, k is a constant, and beta is the power of 
      the scaling exponent. LV mass varied from 0.049 to 194 g, whereas end-diastolic 
      volume varied from 0.011 to 149 ml. The beta values relating normalized LV 
      filling time with LV mass and end-diastolic volume were 0.091 (SD 0.011) and 
      0.083 (SD 0.009), respectively (P < 0.0001 vs. 0 for both). The beta values 
      relating IVPD with LV mass and end-diastolic volume were similarly significant at 
      0.271 (SD 0.039) and 0.243 (SD 0.0361), respectively (P < 0.0001 vs. 0 for both). 
      Finally, beta values relating IVPG with LV mass and end-diastolic volume were 
      -0.118 (SD 0.013) and -0.104 (SD 0.011), respectively (P < 0.0001 vs. 0 for 
      both). As a result, there was an inverse relationship between IVPG and normalized 
      LV filling time (r = -0.65, P < 0.001). We conclude that IVPD decrease, while 
      IVPG increase with decreasing animal size. High IVPG in small mammals may be an 
      adaptive mechanism to short filling times.
FAU - Popovic, Zoran B
AU  - Popovic ZB
AD  - Cardiovascular Imaging Center, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave., 
      Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
FAU - Richards, Kathryn E
AU  - Richards KE
FAU - Greenberg, Neil L
AU  - Greenberg NL
FAU - Rovner, Aleksandr
AU  - Rovner A
FAU - Drinko, Jeannie
AU  - Drinko J
FAU - Cheng, Yuanna
AU  - Cheng Y
FAU - Penn, Marc S
AU  - Penn MS
FAU - Fukamachi, Kiyotaka
AU  - Fukamachi K
FAU - Mal, Niladri
AU  - Mal N
FAU - Levine, Benjamin D
AU  - Levine BD
FAU - Garcia, Mario J
AU  - Garcia MJ
FAU - Thomas, James D
AU  - Thomas JD
LA  - eng
GR  - AG17479-02/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - M01 RR-018390/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20060505
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
JT  - American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology
JID - 100901228
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Algorithms
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blood Pressure/*physiology
MH  - Data Interpretation, Statistical
MH  - Echocardiography
MH  - Heart/anatomy & histology/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - In Vitro Techniques
MH  - Mice
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Observer Variation
MH  - Rabbits
MH  - Rats
MH  - Species Specificity
MH  - Stroke Volume/*physiology
EDAT- 2006/05/09 09:00
MHDA- 2006/08/19 09:00
CRDT- 2006/05/09 09:00
PHST- 2006/05/09 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/08/19 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/05/09 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 00081.2006 [pii]
AID - 10.1152/ajpheart.00081.2006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2006 Aug;291(2):H762-9. doi: 
      10.1152/ajpheart.00081.2006. Epub 2006 May 5.