PMID- 16706577
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060727
LR  - 20141120
IS  - 0148-0731 (Print)
IS  - 0148-0731 (Linking)
VI  - 128
IP  - 3
DP  - 2006 Jun
TI  - Application of fracture mechanics to failure in manatee rib bone.
PG  - 281-9
AB  - BACKGROUND: The Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) is listed as 
      endangered by the U.S. Department of the Interior. Manatee ribs have different 
      microstructure from the compact bone of other mammals. Biomechanical properties 
      of the manatee ribs need to be better understood. Fracture toughness (K(C)) has 
      been shown to be a good index to assess the mechanical performance of bone. 
      Quantitative fractography can be used in concert with fracture mechanics 
      equations to identify fracture initiating defects/cracks and to calculate the 
      fracture toughness of bone materials. METHOD OF APPROACH: Fractography is a 
      standard technique for analyzing fracture behavior of brittle and quasi-brittle 
      materials. Manatee ribs are highly mineralized and fracture in a manner similar 
      to quasi-brittle materials. Therefore, quantitative fractography was applied to 
      determine the fracture toughness of manatee ribs. RESULTS: Average fracture 
      toughness values of small flexure specimens from six different sizes of manatees 
      ranged from 1.3 to 2.6 MPa(m)(12). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images show 
      most of the fracture origins were at openings for blood vessels and interlayer 
      spaces. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative fractography and fracture mechanics can be 
      combined to estimate the fracture toughness of the material in manatee rib bone. 
      Fracture toughness of subadult and calf manatees appears to increase as the size 
      of the manatee increases. Average fracture toughness of the manatee rib bone 
      materials is less than the transverse fracture toughness of human and bovine 
      tibia and femur.
FAU - Yan, Jiahau
AU  - Yan J
AD  - Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 
      116400, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. bratt@ufl.edu
FAU - Clifton, Kari B
AU  - Clifton KB
FAU - Reep, Roger L
AU  - Reep RL
FAU - Mecholsky, John J Jr
AU  - Mecholsky JJ Jr
LA  - eng
GR  - 1 R01 DE 13492-01/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - J Biomech Eng
JT  - Journal of biomechanical engineering
JID - 7909584
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biomechanical Phenomena/methods
MH  - Body Size
MH  - Compressive Strength
MH  - Computer Simulation
MH  - Elasticity
MH  - In Vitro Techniques
MH  - *Models, Biological
MH  - Rib Fractures/*pathology/*physiopathology
MH  - Ribs/*physiopathology/*ultrastructure
MH  - Stress, Mechanical
MH  - Stress, Physiological
MH  - Surface Properties
MH  - Tensile Strength
MH  - *Trichechus manatus
EDAT- 2006/05/19 09:00
MHDA- 2006/07/28 09:00
CRDT- 2006/05/19 09:00
PHST- 2006/05/19 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/07/28 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/05/19 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1115/1.2187044 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Biomech Eng. 2006 Jun;128(3):281-9. doi: 10.1115/1.2187044.