PMID- 16716329
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060925
LR  - 20090115
IS  - 0021-9673 (Print)
IS  - 0021-9673 (Linking)
VI  - 1123
IP  - 1
DP  - 2006 Aug 4
TI  - Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with gas chromatography-flame 
      photometric detection. Very simple, rapid and sensitive method for the 
      determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water.
PG  - 1-9
AB  - A new method was used for the extraction of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) 
      from water samples: dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled with 
      gas chromatography-flame photometric detection (GC-FPD). In this extraction 
      method, a mixture of 12.0 microL chlorobenzene (extraction solvent) and 1.00 mL 
      acetone (disperser solvent) is rapidly injected into the 5.00 mL water sample by 
      syringe. Thereby, a cloudy solution is formed. In fact, the cloudy state is 
      because of the formation of fine droplets of chlorobenzene, which has been 
      dispersed among the sample solution. In this step, the OPPs in water sample are 
      extracted into the fine droplets of chlorobenzene. After centrifuging (2 min at 
      5000 rpm), the fine droplets of chlorobenzene are sedimented in the bottom of the 
      conical test tube (5.0+/-0.3 microL). Sedimented phase (0.50 microl) is injected 
      into the GC for separation and determination of OPPs. Some important parameters, 
      such as kind of extraction and disperser solvent and volume of them, extraction 
      time, temperature and salt effect were investigated. Under the optimum 
      conditions, the enrichment factors and extraction recoveries were high and ranged 
      between 789-1070 and 78.9-107%, respectively. The linear range was wide 
      (10-100,000 pg/mL, four orders of magnitude) and limit of detections were very 
      low and were between 3 to 20 pg/mL for most of the analytes. The relative 
      standard deviations (RSDs) for 2.00 microg/L of OPPs in water with internal 
      standard were in the range of 1.2-5.6% (n=5) and without internal standard were 
      in the range of 4.6-6.5%. The relative recoveries of OPPs from river, well and 
      farm water at spiking levels of 50, 500 and 5000 pg/mL were 84-125, 88-123 and 
      93-118%, respectively. The performance of proposed method was compared with 
      solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and single drop microextraction. DLLME is a 
      very simple and rapid (less than 3 min) method, which requires low volume of 
      sample (5 mL). It also has high enrichment factor and recoveries for extraction 
      of OPPs from water.
FAU - Berijani, Sana
AU  - Berijani S
AD  - Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Iran University of 
      Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Assadi, Yaghoub
AU  - Assadi Y
FAU - Anbia, Mansoor
AU  - Anbia M
FAU - Milani Hosseini, Mohammad-Reza
AU  - Milani Hosseini MR
FAU - Aghaee, Elham
AU  - Aghaee E
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20060523
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chromatogr A
JT  - Journal of chromatography. A
JID - 9318488
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Chromatography, Gas/*methods
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*analysis
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
MH  - Reference Standards
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis
EDAT- 2006/05/24 09:00
MHDA- 2006/09/26 09:00
CRDT- 2006/05/24 09:00
PHST- 2006/03/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/05/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2006/05/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/05/24 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/09/26 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/05/24 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0021-9673(06)00941-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.05.010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chromatogr A. 2006 Aug 4;1123(1):1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.05.010. Epub 
      2006 May 23.