PMID- 16721035
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060718
LR  - 20181201
IS  - 0028-3835 (Print)
IS  - 0028-3835 (Linking)
VI  - 82
IP  - 5-6
DP  - 2005
TI  - Analysis of the stress response in rats trained in the water-maze: differential 
      expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone, CRH-R1, glucocorticoid receptors 
      and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in limbic regions.
PG  - 306-19
AB  - Glucocorticoids and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) are key regulators of 
      stress responses. Different types of stress activate the CRH system; in 
      hypothalamus, CRH expression and release are increased by physical or 
      psychological stressors while in amygdala, preferentially by psychological 
      stress. Learning and memory processes are modulated by glucocorticoids and stress 
      at different levels. To characterize the kind of stress provoked by a 
      hippocampal-dependent task such as spatial learning, we compared the expression 
      profile of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), pro-CRH and CRH-R1 mRNAs (analyzed by 
      RT-PCR), in amygdala, hippocampus and hypothalamus and quantified serum 
      corticosterone levels by radioimmunoassay at different stages of training. mRNA 
      levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were also quantified due to 
      its prominent role in learning and memory processes. Male Wistar rats trained for 
      1, 3 or 5 days in the Morris water-maze (10 trials/day) were sacrificed 5-60 min 
      the after last trial. A strong stress response occurred at day one in both yoked 
      and trained animals (increased corticosterone and hypothalamic pro-CRH and CRH-R1 
      mRNA levels); changes gradually diminished as the test progressed. In amygdala, 
      pro-CRH mRNA levels decreased while those of BDNF augmented when stress was 
      highest, in yoked and trained animals. Hippocampi, of both yoked and trained 
      groups, had decreased levels of GR mRNA on days 1 and 3, normalizing by day 5, 
      while those of pro-CRH and CRH-R1 increased after the 3rd day. Increased gene 
      expression, specifically due to spatial learning, occurred only for hippocampal 
      BDNF since day 3. These results show that the Morris water-maze paradigm induces 
      a strong stress response that is gradually attenuated. Inhibition of CRH 
      expression in amygdala suggests that the stress inflicted is of physical but not 
      of psychological nature and could lead to reduced fear or anxiety.
FAU - Aguilar-Valles, Argel
AU  - Aguilar-Valles A
AD  - Departamento de Genetica del Desarrollo y Fisiologia Molecular, Instituto de 
      Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico.
FAU - Sanchez, Edith
AU  - Sanchez E
FAU - de Gortari, Patricia
AU  - de Gortari P
FAU - Balderas, Israela
AU  - Balderas I
FAU - Ramirez-Amaya, Victor
AU  - Ramirez-Amaya V
FAU - Bermudez-Rattoni, Federico
AU  - Bermudez-Rattoni F
FAU - Joseph-Bravo, Patricia
AU  - Joseph-Bravo P
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20060504
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Neuroendocrinology
JT  - Neuroendocrinology
JID - 0035665
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Glucocorticoid)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
RN  - 5CLY6W2H1M (CRF receptor type 1)
RN  - 9015-71-8 (Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone)
RN  - W980KJ009P (Corticosterone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amygdala/chemistry/physiology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anxiety/physiopathology
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/analysis/*genetics/physiology
MH  - Corticosterone/blood
MH  - Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/analysis/*genetics/physiology
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/physiology
MH  - Hippocampus/chemistry/physiology
MH  - Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiology
MH  - Hypothalamus/chemistry/physiology
MH  - In Situ Hybridization
MH  - Limbic System/*chemistry/physiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Maze Learning/*physiology
MH  - Pituitary-Adrenal System/physiology
MH  - RNA, Messenger/analysis/genetics
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/analysis/*genetics/physiology
MH  - Receptors, Glucocorticoid/analysis/*genetics/physiology
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Spatial Behavior/physiology
MH  - Stress, Physiological/etiology/*physiopathology
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Water
EDAT- 2006/05/25 09:00
MHDA- 2006/07/19 09:00
CRDT- 2006/05/25 09:00
PHST- 2005/12/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/03/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/05/25 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/07/19 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/05/25 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 93129 [pii]
AID - 10.1159/000093129 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuroendocrinology. 2005;82(5-6):306-19. doi: 10.1159/000093129. Epub 2006 May 4.