PMID- 16722242
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070523
LR  - 20191110
IS  - 0171-2004 (Print)
IS  - 0171-2004 (Linking)
IP  - 175
DP  - 2006
TI  - Regulation of vesicular monoamine and glutamate transporters by 
      vesicle-associated trimeric G proteins: new jobs for long-known signal 
      transduction molecules.
PG  - 305-25
AB  - Neurotransmitters of neurons and neuroendocrine cells are concentrated first in 
      the cytosol and then in either small synaptic vesicles ofpresynaptic terminals or 
      in secretory vesicles by the activity of specific transporters of the plasma and 
      the vesicular membrane, respectively. In the central nervous system the 
      postsynaptic response depends--amongst other parameters-on the amount of 
      neurotransmitter stored in a given vesicle. Neurotransmitter packets (quanta) 
      vary over a wide range which may be also due to a regulation of vesicular 
      neurotransmitter filling. Vesicular filling is regulated by the availability of 
      transmitter molecules in the cytoplasm, the amount of transporter molecules and 
      an electrochemical proton-mediated gradient over the vesicular membrane. In 
      addition, it is modulated by vesicle-associated heterotrimeric G proteins, 
      Galphao2 and Galphaq. Galphao2 and Galphaq regulate vesicular monoamine 
      transporter (VMAT) activities in brain and platelets, respectively. Galphao2 also 
      regulates vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT) activity by changing its 
      chloride dependence. It appears that the vesicular content activates the G 
      protein, suggesting a signal transduction from the luminal site which might be 
      mediated by a vesicular G protein-coupled receptor or as an alternative 
      possibility by the transporter itself. Thus, G proteins control transmitter 
      storage and thereby probablylink the regulation of the vesicular content to 
      intracellular signal cascades.
FAU - Brunk, I
AU  - Brunk I
AD  - AG Funktionelle Zellbiologie, Institut fur Integrative Neuroanatomie, Centrum fur 
      Anatomie, Charite, Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Holtje, M
AU  - Holtje M
FAU - von Jagow, B
AU  - von Jagow B
FAU - Winter, S
AU  - Winter S
FAU - Sternberg, J
AU  - Sternberg J
FAU - Blex, C
AU  - Blex C
FAU - Pahner, I
AU  - Pahner I
FAU - Ahnert-Hilger, G
AU  - Ahnert-Hilger G
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Germany
TA  - Handb Exp Pharmacol
JT  - Handbook of experimental pharmacology
JID - 7902231
RN  - 0 (Chlorides)
RN  - 0 (Neurotransmitter Agents)
RN  - 0 (Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Vesicular Monoamine Transport Proteins)
RN  - EC 3.6.5.1 (GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go)
RN  - EC 3.6.5.1 (GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11)
RN  - EC 3.6.5.1 (Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain/metabolism
MH  - Chlorides/metabolism
MH  - GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/metabolism
MH  - GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11/metabolism
MH  - Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism
MH  - Synaptic Transmission
MH  - Synaptic Vesicles/metabolism
MH  - Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins/*metabolism
MH  - Vesicular Monoamine Transport Proteins/*metabolism
RF  - 78
EDAT- 2006/05/26 09:00
MHDA- 2007/05/24 09:00
CRDT- 2006/05/26 09:00
PHST- 2006/05/26 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/05/24 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/05/26 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/3-540-29784-7_15 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2006;(175):305-25. doi: 10.1007/3-540-29784-7_15.