PMID- 16725117
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20061006
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0006-8993 (Print)
IS  - 1872-6240 (Electronic)
IS  - 0006-8993 (Linking)
VI  - 1097
IP  - 1
DP  - 2006 Jun 30
TI  - Cerebral preconditioning using cortical application of hypertonic salt solutions: 
      upregulation of mRNAs encoding inhibitors of inflammation.
PG  - 31-8
AB  - Previous studies have demonstrated that local application of hypertonic KCl or 
      NaCl to the cerebral cortex induces tolerance to a subsequent episode of 
      ischemia. The objective of the present study was to determine whether application 
      of these salts increases the levels of mRNAs encoding inhibitors of inflammation. 
      Hypertonic KCl or NaCl was applied for 2 h to the frontal cortex of 
      Sprague-Dawley rats. After recovery periods up to 24 h, levels of selected mRNAs 
      were measured in samples from frontal and parietal cortex using Northern blots. 
      Application of hypertonic KCl caused a rapid and widespread increase in the 
      levels of mRNA coding for tumor necrosis factor (TNF), tristetraprolin (TTP), 
      suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS3), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor 
      (BDNF), and a 24-h delayed induction of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) mRNA. 
      Application of hypertonic NaCl caused alterations in mRNA levels that were 
      restricted to the frontal cortex. In this region, application of NaCl rapidly 
      increased levels of mRNA encoding TNF, TTP, and SOCS3, but not BDNF, and caused a 
      delayed induction of CNTF mRNA. These results raise the possibility that 
      upregulation of inhibitors of inflammation after preconditioning may contribute 
      to the induction of tolerance to ischemia.
FAU - Muramatsu, Hiromi
AU  - Muramatsu H
AD  - Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 371 
      Stemmler Hall, Box 44, 36th and Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
FAU - Welsh, Frank A
AU  - Welsh FA
FAU - Kariko, Katalin
AU  - Kariko K
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 NS029331/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - T32 NS043126/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - NS29331/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - NS43126/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20060524
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Brain Res
JT  - Brain research
JID - 0045503
RN  - 0 (Hypertonic Solutions)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 451W47IQ8X (Sodium Chloride)
RN  - 660YQ98I10 (Potassium Chloride)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain Ischemia/genetics/*metabolism/*prevention & control
MH  - Cerebral Cortex/*drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Hypertonic Solutions/*administration & dosage
MH  - Male
MH  - Potassium Chloride/administration & dosage
MH  - RNA, Messenger/*biosynthesis/genetics
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage
MH  - Up-Regulation/*drug effects/physiology
PMC - PMC3619415
MID - NIHMS451991
EDAT- 2006/05/27 09:00
MHDA- 2006/10/07 09:00
PMCR- 2013/04/08
CRDT- 2006/05/27 09:00
PHST- 2006/02/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/04/14 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2006/04/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/05/27 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/10/07 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/05/27 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/04/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0006-8993(06)01162-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.04.067 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Brain Res. 2006 Jun 30;1097(1):31-8. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.04.067. Epub 
      2006 May 24.