PMID- 16737848
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060905
LR  - 20080910
IS  - 1388-2457 (Print)
IS  - 1388-2457 (Linking)
VI  - 117
IP  - 7
DP  - 2006 Jul
TI  - Sympathetic facilitation of hyperalgesia evoked from myofascial tender and 
      trigger points in patients with unilateral shoulder pain.
PG  - 1545-50
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To provide evidence for the sympathetic-sensory interaction within a 
      trigger point, which may contribute to local and referred pain and sympathetic 
      symptoms in myofascial pain syndrome. METHODS: Pressure pain threshold (PPT) was 
      measured from a trigger point in the painful side, from a tender point in the 
      non-painful side in the infraspinatus muscles, and from a normal control point in 
      the tibialis anterior muscle in 21 patients with unilateral shoulder pain. In 
      addition, pressure threshold for eliciting referred pain (referred pain 
      threshold, PTRP) was determined, then the intensity was measured of local and 
      referred pain evoked by a pressure equal to 1.5 times PRPT, applied at the 
      trigger point, in 11 patients. All measurements were taken during normal 
      respiration and elevated intrathoracic pressure (EITP). RESULTS: PPT was 
      significantly lower at the trigger than tender points during normal respiration 
      (P=0.001). PPT decreased significantly at both the tender and trigger points 
      during EITP compared with normal respiration (P<0.001). Significant decreases in 
      referred pain threshold and increases in local and referred pain intensities were 
      seen during EITP than normal respiration (all, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These 
      results provide evidence of sympathetic facilitation of mechanical sensitization 
      and the local and referred muscle pain. SIGNIFICANCE: Sympathetic hyperactivity 
      needs to be considered during the clinical evaluation and management of 
      myofascial pain syndrome.
FAU - Ge, Hong-You
AU  - Ge HY
AD  - Laboratory for Experimental Pain Research, Department of Health Science and 
      Technology, Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI), Aalborg University, 
      Fredrik Bajers Vej 7 D-3, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark. ghy@smi.auc.dk
FAU - Fernandez-de-las-Penas, Cesar
AU  - Fernandez-de-las-Penas C
FAU - Arendt-Nielsen, Lars
AU  - Arendt-Nielsen L
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20060605
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Clin Neurophysiol
JT  - Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of 
      Clinical Neurophysiology
JID - 100883319
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Facial Muscles/*physiopathology
MH  - Female
MH  - Functional Laterality/physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hyperalgesia/*etiology
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Pain Measurement/methods
MH  - Pain Threshold/*physiology
MH  - Pressure/*adverse effects
MH  - Shoulder Pain/*complications
MH  - Sympathetic Nervous System/*physiopathology
EDAT- 2006/06/02 09:00
MHDA- 2006/09/06 09:00
CRDT- 2006/06/02 09:00
PHST- 2006/01/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/03/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2006/03/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/06/02 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/09/06 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/06/02 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S1388-2457(06)00160-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.03.026 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Neurophysiol. 2006 Jul;117(7):1545-50. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.03.026. 
      Epub 2006 Jun 5.