PMID- 16756967
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060915
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 0009-2797 (Print)
IS  - 0009-2797 (Linking)
VI  - 161
IP  - 3
DP  - 2006 Jul 10
TI  - Cancer chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory activities of chemically modified 
      guar gum.
PG  - 229-40
AB  - Guar gum (G) is a simple characterized branched polysaccharide, which is 
      frequently used in food industries. We prepared the gum C-glycosylated derivative 
      (GG), and its sulphated derivative (SGG), aiming to characterize their cancer 
      chemopreventive, and anti-inflammatory properties. Estimation of cancer 
      chemopreventive activity, specifically anti-initiation, including the modulation 
      of carcinogen metabolism and the antioxidant capacity, revealed that GG was a 
      potent anti-initiator, where it inhibited not only the carcinogen activator 
      enzyme, cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A), but also induced the carcinogen 
      detoxification enzymes glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs), while SGG inhibited 
      both CYP1A and GSTs. SGG was an effective radical scavenger than GG against 
      hydroxyl, peroxyl, and superoxide anion radicals. GG and SGG were found to 
      modulate the macrophage functions into an anti-inflammatory pattern. Thus, both 
      enhanced the macrophage proliferation and phagocytosis of fluorescein 
      isothiocyanate (FITC)-zymosan; however, they also inhibited strongly the nitric 
      oxide generation and tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion in lipopolysaccharide 
      (LPS)-stimulated RAW macrophage 264.7. Unexpectedly, both GG and SGG dramatically 
      inhibited the binding affinity of FITC-LPS to RAW 264.7, as indicated by flow 
      cytometry analysis. GG and SGG exhibited a significant anti-proliferative 
      activity against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (Hep G2), and only SGG was 
      specifically cytotoxic for human breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7), but neither was 
      significantly cytotoxic for human lymphoblastic leukemia cells (1301). SGG led to 
      a major disturbance in cell cycle phases of Hep G2 cells as indicated by 
      concomitant arrest in S- and G2/M-phases, a disturbance that was associated with 
      an induced cell death as a result of necrosis, but not apoptosis in both GG- and 
      SGG-treated cells. Taken together, the modified gums could be used as an 
      alternative of G in health food industries to provide cancer prevention in risk 
      populations.
FAU - Gamal-Eldeen, Amira M
AU  - Gamal-Eldeen AM
AD  - Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Division of Genetic 
      Engineering and Biotechnology, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Cairo, 
      Egypt. aeldeen@hotmail.com
FAU - Amer, Hassan
AU  - Amer H
FAU - Helmy, Wafaa A
AU  - Helmy WA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20060406
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Chem Biol Interact
JT  - Chemico-biological interactions
JID - 0227276
RN  - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents)
RN  - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Antioxidants)
RN  - 0 (Galactans)
RN  - 0 (Mannans)
RN  - 0 (Plant Gums)
RN  - E89I1637KE (guar gum)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anti-Inflammatory Agents/*chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Antioxidants/chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - Cell Proliferation/drug effects
MH  - Galactans/*chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Macrophages/drug effects
MH  - Mannans/*chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Mice
MH  - Neoplasms/*pathology/*prevention & control
MH  - Plant Gums
EDAT- 2006/06/08 09:00
MHDA- 2006/09/16 09:00
CRDT- 2006/06/08 09:00
PHST- 2005/11/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/03/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2006/03/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/06/08 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/09/16 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/06/08 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0009-2797(06)00073-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.cbi.2006.03.010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Chem Biol Interact. 2006 Jul 10;161(3):229-40. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2006.03.010. 
      Epub 2006 Apr 6.