PMID- 16808624
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060816
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0033-7587 (Print)
IS  - 0033-7587 (Linking)
VI  - 166
IP  - 1 Pt 1
DP  - 2006 Jul
TI  - Effect of occupational radiation exposures on chromosome aberration rates in 
      former plutonium workers.
PG  - 89-97
AB  - A fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method was used to measure chromosome 
      aberration rates in lymphocytes of 30 retired plutonium workers with combined 
      internal and external radiation doses greater than 0.5 Sv along with 17 
      additional workers with predominantly external doses below 0.1 Sv. The former 
      group was defined as high-dose and the latter as low-dose with respect to 
      occupational radiation exposure. The two groups were compared to each other and 
      also to 21 control subjects having no history of occupational radiation exposure. 
      Radiation exposures to the high-dose group were primarily the result of internal 
      depositions of plutonium and its radioactive decay products resulting from 
      various work-related activities and accidents. The median external dose for the 
      high-dose group was 280 mSv (range 10-730) compared to a median of 22 mSv (range 
      10-76) for the low-dose group. The median internal dose to the bone marrow for 
      the high-dose group was 168 mSv (range 29-20,904) while that of the low-dose 
      group was considered negligible. Over 200,000 metaphase cells were analyzed for 
      chromosome aberrations by painting pairs 1, 4 and 12 in combination with a 
      pancentromeric probe. Additionally, 136,000 binucleated lymphocytes were analyzed 
      for micronuclei in parallel cultures to assess mitotic abnormalities arising from 
      damaged chromosomes. The results showed that the frequency of structural 
      aberrations affecting any of the painted chromosomes in the high-dose group 
      correlated with the bone marrow dose but not with the external dose. In contrast, 
      the frequency of micronuclei did not vary significantly between the study groups. 
      The total translocation frequency per genome equivalent x 10(-3) +/- SE was 4.0 
      +/- 0.6, 9.0 +/- 1.1 and 17.0 +/- 2.1 for the control, low-dose and high-dose 
      groups, respectively. Statistical analysis of the data showed that the frequency 
      of total translocations and S-cells correlated with the bone marrow dose, with P 
      values of 0.005 and 0.004, respectively. In contrast, these two end points did 
      not correlate with the external dose, with P values of 0.45 and 0.39, 
      respectively. In conclusion, elevated rates of stable chromosome aberrations were 
      found in lymphocytes of former workers decades after plutonium intakes, providing 
      evidence that chronic irradiation of hematopoietic precursor cells in the bone 
      marrow induces cytogenetically altered cells that persist in peripheral blood.
FAU - Livingston, Gordon K
AU  - Livingston GK
AD  - Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site, Oak Ridge Institute for 
      Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-0117, USA. livingsg@orau.gov
FAU - Falk, Roger B
AU  - Falk RB
FAU - Schmid, Ernst
AU  - Schmid E
LA  - eng
PT  - Controlled Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Radiat Res
JT  - Radiation research
JID - 0401245
RN  - 53023GN24M (Plutonium)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Chromosome Aberrations/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *Nuclear Reactors
MH  - Occupational Exposure/*analysis/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Plutonium/*analysis
MH  - Radiation Dosage
MH  - Radiation Injuries/*epidemiology
MH  - Risk Assessment/*methods
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - United States/epidemiology
EDAT- 2006/07/01 09:00
MHDA- 2006/08/17 09:00
CRDT- 2006/07/01 09:00
PHST- 2006/07/01 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/08/17 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/07/01 09:00 [entrez]
AID - RR3586 [pii]
AID - 10.1667/RR3586.1 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Radiat Res. 2006 Jul;166(1 Pt 1):89-97. doi: 10.1667/RR3586.1.