PMID- 16887884
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070212
LR  - 20061026
IS  - 0888-8809 (Print)
IS  - 0888-8809 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 11
DP  - 2006 Nov
TI  - In vivo induction of glial cell proliferation and axonal outgrowth and 
      myelination by brain-derived neurotrophic factor.
PG  - 2987-98
AB  - Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) belongs to the neurotrophin family of 
      neuronal cell survival and differentiation factors but is thought to be involved 
      in neuronal cell proliferation and myelination as well. To explore the role of 
      BDNF in vivo, we employed the intermediate pituitary melanotrope cells of the 
      amphibian Xenopus laevis as a model system. These cells mediate background 
      adaptation of the animal by producing high levels of the prohormone 
      proopiomelanocortin (POMC) when the animal is black adapted. We used stable X. 
      transgenesis in combination with the POMC gene promoter to generate transgenic 
      frogs overexpressing BDNF specifically and physiologically inducible in the 
      melanotrope cells. Intriguingly, an approximately 25-fold overexpression of BDNF 
      resulted in hyperplastic glial cells and myelinated axons infiltrating the 
      pituitary, whereby the transgenic melanotrope cells became located dispersed 
      among the induced tissue. The infiltrating glial cells and axons originated from 
      both peripheral and central nervous system sources. The formation of the 
      phenotype started around tadpole stage 50 and was induced by placing 
      white-adapted transgenics on a black background, i.e. after activation of 
      transgene expression. The severity of the phenotype depended on the level of 
      transgene expression, because the intermediate pituitaries from transgenic 
      animals raised on a white background or from transgenics with only an 
      approximately 5-fold BDNF overexpression were essentially not affected. In 
      conclusion, we show in a physiological context that, besides its classical role 
      as neuronal cell survival and differentiation factor, in vivo BDNF can also 
      induce glial cell proliferation as well as axonal outgrowth and myelination.
FAU - de Groot, Dorien M
AU  - de Groot DM
AD  - Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Nijmegen Center for Molecular Life 
      Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 28, 6525 GA 
      Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Coenen, Anton J M
AU  - Coenen AJ
FAU - Verhofstad, Albert
AU  - Verhofstad A
FAU - van Herp, Francois
AU  - van Herp F
FAU - Martens, Gerard J M
AU  - Martens GJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20060803
PL  - United States
TA  - Mol Endocrinol
JT  - Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.)
JID - 8801431
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (Nerve Growth Factors)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Genetically Modified
MH  - Axons/*physiology
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics/metabolism/*physiology
MH  - *Cell Proliferation
MH  - Embryo, Nonmammalian
MH  - Embryonic Induction
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
MH  - Melanotrophs/metabolism
MH  - Models, Biological
MH  - Myelin Sheath/*metabolism
MH  - Nerve Fibers, Myelinated/physiology
MH  - Nerve Growth Factors/physiology
MH  - Neurites/*physiology
MH  - Neuroglia/*physiology
MH  - Organ Specificity
MH  - Pituitary Gland/anatomy & histology/embryology
MH  - Pituitary Gland, Intermediate/embryology/metabolism
MH  - Transgenes/physiology
MH  - Xenopus laevis/embryology/physiology
EDAT- 2006/08/05 09:00
MHDA- 2007/02/13 09:00
CRDT- 2006/08/05 09:00
PHST- 2006/08/05 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/02/13 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/08/05 09:00 [entrez]
AID - me.2006-0168 [pii]
AID - 10.1210/me.2006-0168 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mol Endocrinol. 2006 Nov;20(11):2987-98. doi: 10.1210/me.2006-0168. Epub 2006 Aug 
      3.