PMID- 16899802
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20061127
LR  - 20150428
IS  - 1930-7381 (Print)
IS  - 1930-7381 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 7
DP  - 2006 Jul
TI  - Energy restriction with different protein quantities and source: implications for 
      innate immunity.
PG  - 1211-8
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Physical age, energy restriction (ER), and weight loss have been 
      reported to suppress indices of innate immunity, which may increase the risk of 
      illness. To evaluate these interactions, we recruited older, postmenopausal women 
      (50 to 80 years) to fill one of the following 9-week ER (1250 kcal/d) groups: 
      beef [n = 14; reported intakes 46% carbohydrate (CHO):24% protein (PRO):30% fat], 
      chicken (n = 15; 51% CHO:25% PRO:24% fat), or CHO (n = 14; 59% CHO:17% PRO:24% 
      fat), or a non-intervention control (n = 11). RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: 
      Fasting blood was collected before and after ER to determine leukocyte phenotype, 
      neutrophil oxidative burst capacity, natural killer cell activity, stimulated 
      interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma production, and blood zinc and iron 
      concentrations. RESULTS: No significant effects of ER (8.6% weight loss) or PRO 
      quantity and source were found for the majority of indices of innate immunity. 
      Small but significant (p < 0.05) declines in interleukin-2 production were found 
      in the chicken and CHO groups only; however, the clinical significance of this 
      finding is not known. DISCUSSION: In the present study, 9 weeks of moderate ER 
      did not suppress immunity in postmenopausal women. Also, contrary to our 
      hypothesis, differential zinc and iron intakes did not significantly alter 
      immunity.
FAU - McFarlin, Brian K
AU  - McFarlin BK
AD  - Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 104U Garrison, 
      Houston, TX 77204-6015, USA. bmcfarlin@uh.edu
FAU - Flynn, Michael G
AU  - Flynn MG
FAU - Mahon, Anne K
AU  - Mahon AK
FAU - Stewart, Laura K
AU  - Stewart LK
FAU - Timmerman, Kyle L
AU  - Timmerman KL
FAU - Lyle, Roseann M
AU  - Lyle RM
FAU - Campbell, Wayne W
AU  - Campbell WW
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Obesity (Silver Spring)
JT  - Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
JID - 101264860
RN  - 0 (Dietary Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Iron, Dietary)
RN  - J41CSQ7QDS (Zinc)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - *Diet, Reducing
MH  - Dietary Proteins/*administration & dosage
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
MH  - Energy Intake/immunology/*physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Immunity, Innate
MH  - Iron, Dietary/administration & dosage/immunology
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Obesity/diet therapy/*immunology
MH  - Postmenopause
MH  - Weight Loss
MH  - Zinc/administration & dosage/immunology
EDAT- 2006/08/11 09:00
MHDA- 2006/12/09 09:00
CRDT- 2006/08/11 09:00
PHST- 2006/08/11 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/12/09 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/08/11 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 14/7/1211 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/oby.2006.138 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006 Jul;14(7):1211-8. doi: 10.1038/oby.2006.138.