PMID- 16973914
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070322
LR  - 20181201
IS  - 0193-1857 (Print)
IS  - 0193-1857 (Linking)
VI  - 292
IP  - 1
DP  - 2007 Jan
TI  - The peristaltic reflex induced by short-chain fatty acids is mediated by 
      sequential release of 5-HT and neuronal CGRP but not BDNF.
PG  - G429-37
AB  - Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) accelerate colonic transit. This study examined 
      whether this action was mediated by activation of the peristaltic reflex. SCFAs 
      (acetate, butyrate, or propionate) were applied to the central compartment of a 
      three-compartment flat-sheet preparation of the rat middle to distal colon. The 
      release of serotonin (5-HT), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and CGRP 
      was measured in all three compartments. Ascending contraction and descending 
      relaxation were measured in the orad and caudad compartments. The addition of 
      SCFAs at physiological to supraphysiological concentrations (0.5-100 mM) to the 
      central compartment elicited concentration-dependent ascending contraction and 
      descending relaxation (EC50 approximately 5 mM). At this concentration, SCFAs 
      induced an 8- to 11-fold increase in 5-HT release and a 2- to 3-fold increase in 
      CGRP release in the central compartment only. They had no effect on BDNF release. 
      CGRP release was inhibited by a 5-HT4 but not a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. 
      Ascending contraction and descending relaxation were also inhibited by 5-HT4 and 
      by CGRP receptor antagonists added to the central compartment. 5-HT and CGRP 
      release, as well as ascending contraction and descending relaxation induced by 
      mechanical stimulation of the mucosa (2-8 strokes), were significantly augmented 
      by 1 mM acetate. Acetate (1 mM) also doubled propulsive velocity in isolated 
      whole segments of the guinea pig colon. In conclusion, chemical stimulation of 
      the mucosa by SCFAs triggers a peristaltic reflex mediated by the release of 5-HT 
      from mucosal cells and activation of 5-HT4 receptors on sensory CGRP-containing 
      nerve terminals. This SCFA-induced peristaltic pathway augments the peristaltic 
      reflex elicited by mechanical stimulation of the mucosa.
FAU - Grider, J R
AU  - Grider JR
AD  - Department of Physiology, Virginia Commonwealth Univ., Box 980551, Richmond, VA 
      23298, USA. jgrider@vcu.edu
FAU - Piland, B E
AU  - Piland BE
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 DK034153/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DK-34153/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20060914
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
JT  - American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology
JID - 100901227
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists)
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Nonesterified)
RN  - 333DO1RDJY (Serotonin)
RN  - JHB2QIZ69Z (Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide)
RN  - Q40Q9N063P (Acetic Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acetic Acid/pharmacology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*metabolism
MH  - Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide/*metabolism
MH  - Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists
MH  - Colon/drug effects/*physiology
MH  - Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/*pharmacology
MH  - Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Kinetics
MH  - Muscle, Smooth/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Peristalsis/drug effects/*physiology
MH  - Physical Stimulation
MH  - Rats
MH  - Serotonin/*metabolism
EDAT- 2006/09/16 09:00
MHDA- 2007/03/23 09:00
CRDT- 2006/09/16 09:00
PHST- 2006/09/16 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/03/23 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/09/16 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 00376.2006 [pii]
AID - 10.1152/ajpgi.00376.2006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2007 Jan;292(1):G429-37. doi: 
      10.1152/ajpgi.00376.2006. Epub 2006 Sep 14.