PMID- 16998712
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070914
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0939-4451 (Print)
IS  - 0939-4451 (Linking)
VI  - 32
IP  - 3
DP  - 2007
TI  - Preconditioning and neurotrophins: a model for brain adaptation to seizures, 
      ischemia and other stressful stimuli.
PG  - 299-304
AB  - The amino acid glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central 
      nervous system, activates receptors coupled to calcium influx. Excessive 
      activation of glutamate receptors in conditions such as severe epileptic seizures 
      or stroke can kill neurons in a process called excitotoxicity. However, subtoxic 
      levels of activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) type of glutamate 
      receptor elicit adaptive responses in neurons that enhance their ability to 
      withstand more severe stress. A variety of stimuli induce adaptive responses to 
      protect neurons. For example, sublethal ischemic episodes or a mild epileptic 
      insult can protect neurons in a process referred to as tolerance. The molecular 
      mechanisms that protect neurons by these different stressful stimuli are largely 
      unknown but they share common features such as the transcription factor, nuclear 
      factor kappa B (NF-kappaB), which is activated by ischemic and epileptic 
      preconditioning as well as exposure to subtoxic NMDA concentrations. In this 
      article, we describe stress-induced neuroprotective mechanisms highlighting the 
      role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein that plays a crucial 
      role in neuronal survival and maintenance, neurogenesis and learning and memory.
FAU - Marini, A M
AU  - Marini AM
AD  - Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University 
      of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. amarini@usuhs.mil
FAU - Jiang, X
AU  - Jiang X
FAU - Wu, X
AU  - Wu X
FAU - Pan, H
AU  - Pan H
FAU - Guo, Z
AU  - Guo Z
FAU - Mattson, M P
AU  - Mattson MP
FAU - Blondeau, N
AU  - Blondeau N
FAU - Novelli, A
AU  - Novelli A
FAU - Lipsky, R H
AU  - Lipsky RH
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20060929
PL  - Austria
TA  - Amino Acids
JT  - Amino acids
JID - 9200312
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (NF-kappa B)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate)
RN  - 3KX376GY7L (Glutamic Acid)
RN  - 6384-92-5 (N-Methylaspartate)
RN  - SY7Q814VUP (Calcium)
SB  - IM
CIN - Amino Acids. 2007;32(3):295-7. PMID: 17393261
MH  - *Adaptation, Physiological
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*metabolism
MH  - Calcium/metabolism
MH  - Calcium Signaling
MH  - Glutamic Acid/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain/*metabolism
MH  - *Ischemic Preconditioning
MH  - Learning
MH  - Memory
MH  - N-Methylaspartate/metabolism
MH  - NF-kappa B/metabolism
MH  - Neurons/metabolism
MH  - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/*metabolism
MH  - Seizures/*metabolism
RF  - 42
EDAT- 2006/09/26 09:00
MHDA- 2007/09/15 09:00
CRDT- 2006/09/26 09:00
PHST- 2005/11/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/08/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/09/26 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/09/15 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/09/26 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00726-006-0414-y [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Amino Acids. 2007;32(3):299-304. doi: 10.1007/s00726-006-0414-y. Epub 2006 Sep 
      29.