PMID- 17021066
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070220
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0095-1137 (Print)
IS  - 1098-660X (Electronic)
IS  - 0095-1137 (Linking)
VI  - 44
IP  - 12
DP  - 2006 Dec
TI  - Two patients coinfected with Mycobacterium leprae and human immunodeficiency 
      virus type 1 and naive for antiretroviral therapy who exhibited type 1 leprosy 
      reactions mimicking the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.
PG  - 4616-8
AB  - Two case reports of patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) 
      infection who developed leprosy are presented. Both developed type 1 leprosy 
      reactions in the absence of antiretroviral therapy. Reactions have been described 
      for a number of HIV-1- and Mycobacterium leprae-coinfected patients and have been 
      considered to be part of an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) 
      since the reactions were usually linked to the administration of highly active 
      antiretroviral therapy. The reports of our two patients suggest that the type 1 
      reactions in patients with leprosy and HIV may not always be an IRIS 
      manifestation but may be akin to the classical reactional state described for the 
      natural course of leprosy infection, which occurs in leprosy patients due to the 
      fluctuations of the antimycobacterial immune response, whether they are 
      coinfected with HIV or not.
FAU - Trindade, M A B
AU  - Trindade MA
AD  - Department of Dermatology, Medical School of the University of Sao Paulo, Rua 
      Cristiano Viana 450, ap. 163, Sao Paulo CEP 05411-000, Brazil. 
      angelatrindade@uol.com.br
FAU - Valente, N Y S
AU  - Valente NY
FAU - Manini, M I P
AU  - Manini MI
FAU - Takahashi, M D F
AU  - Takahashi MD
FAU - Anjos, C F D
AU  - Anjos CF
FAU - Benard, G
AU  - Benard G
FAU - Naafs, B
AU  - Naafs B
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20061004
PL  - United States
TA  - J Clin Microbiol
JT  - Journal of clinical microbiology
JID - 7505564
RN  - 0 (Anti-HIV Agents)
RN  - 0 (Leprostatic Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - Brazil
MH  - Female
MH  - HIV Infections/*complications/drug therapy/immunology
MH  - *HIV-1
MH  - Histocytochemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Leprostatic Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - Leprosy/complications/*immunology/microbiology/pathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/drug therapy/immunology
MH  - Skin/pathology
PMC - PMC1698401
EDAT- 2006/10/06 09:00
MHDA- 2007/02/21 09:00
PMCR- 2007/04/01
CRDT- 2006/10/06 09:00
PHST- 2006/10/06 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/02/21 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/10/06 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2007/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - JCM.01425-06 [pii]
AID - 1425-06 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/JCM.01425-06 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clin Microbiol. 2006 Dec;44(12):4616-8. doi: 10.1128/JCM.01425-06. Epub 2006 
      Oct 4.