PMID- 17029693
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070316
LR  - 20071115
IS  - 0277-9536 (Print)
IS  - 0277-9536 (Linking)
VI  - 64
IP  - 2
DP  - 2007 Jan
TI  - Intellectual property organizations and pharmaceutical patents in Africa.
PG  - 287-91
AB  - This article builds on a previous study which found low numbers of patent 
      applications for HIV antiretroviral drugs in African countries. A high level of 
      variation was noted across individual countries, and consequently, the present 
      study has sought to account for sources of the variation through statistical 
      analyses. First, a correlation between the number of patents and HIV infection 
      rate was observed (r=0.448, p<0.001). T-tests identified significantly higher 
      numbers of patents in national members of two intellectual property organizations 
      (IPOs)-African Regional Intellectual Property Orginisation (ARIPO) and the 
      Organisation Africaine de la Propriete Intellectualle (OAPI)-than in countries 
      who did not belong to an intellectual property organization. The relationship 
      between IPO membership and number of patents was also statistically significant 
      in a multivariate Poisson regression. These findings demonstrate that higher 
      numbers of patents are found in countries where they are more easily filed. This 
      has important policy implications given the worldwide trend toward increased 
      recognition of pharmaceutical patents.
FAU - Deiss, Robert
AU  - Deiss R
AD  - University of California, San Diego, CA 92903, USA. rdeiss@ucsd.edu
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20061009
PL  - England
TA  - Soc Sci Med
JT  - Social science & medicine (1982)
JID - 8303205
RN  - 0 (Pharmaceutical Preparations)
SB  - IM
MH  - Africa
MH  - HIV Infections/drug therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Patents as Topic/statistics & numerical data
MH  - *Pharmaceutical Preparations
EDAT- 2006/10/13 09:00
MHDA- 2007/03/17 09:00
CRDT- 2006/10/13 09:00
PHST- 2004/02/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/08/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/10/13 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/03/17 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/10/13 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0277-9536(06)00420-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.08.018 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Soc Sci Med. 2007 Jan;64(2):287-91. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.08.018. Epub 
      2006 Oct 9.