PMID- 17062766
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070220
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 0021-972X (Print)
IS  - 0021-972X (Linking)
VI  - 92
IP  - 1
DP  - 2007 Jan
TI  - Prevalence of autoantibody-negative diabetes is not rare at all ages and 
      increases with older age and obesity.
PG  - 88-92
AB  - OBJECTIVE: A significant percentage of nonautoimmune forms of diabetes presents 
      among children in all age groups, with a remarkable increase with age. DESIGN: 
      From October 1992 to October 2004, a total of 859 children less than 18 yr of age 
      were newly diagnosed with diabetes at the Barbara Davis Center for Childhood 
      Diabetes and had blood samples obtained within 2 wk of disease onset for analysis 
      of antiislet autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65, 
      insulinoma-associated antigen-2, insulin, and islet cell autoantibodies. The 
      relationship of autoantibody positivity with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class 
      II, body mass index (BMI), glycosylated hemoglobin, age, and ethnicity was 
      analyzed. RESULTS: Overall 19% (159 of 859) of these children with newly 
      diagnosed diabetes were negative for all autoantibodies, and autoantibody 
      negativity was significantly increased with age (P < 0.01). The Hispanic and 
      Black subjects had significantly increased autoantibody negativity among older 
      children with higher BMI than White subjects. The patients with the highest risk 
      HLA genotype, DR3-DQ2/DR4-DQ8, were significantly less autoantibody negative (P = 
      0.001), whereas the HLA-protective allele, DQB1*0602, was significantly increased 
      among the autoantibody-negative patients (P < 0.0001). Insulin autoantibodies 
      were dramatically age dependent and were inversely correlated with age in both 
      prevalence (P < 0.0001) and levels (P < 0.0001). Autoantibody positivity was 
      inversely correlated with both BMI and age using multivariate analysis (P < 
      0.0001 and P = 0.0078, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: A significant percentage of 
      children newly diagnosed with diabetes are negative for all antiislet 
      autoantibodies with a marked increase in obesity-associated autoantibody-negative 
      diabetes after age 10, suggesting diabetes heterogeneity at all ages.
FAU - Wang, Jian
AU  - Wang J
AD  - Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Health 
      Sciences Center, PO Box 6511, Mail Stop B140, Aurora, Colorado 80045-6511, USA.
FAU - Miao, Dongmei
AU  - Miao D
FAU - Babu, Sunanda
AU  - Babu S
FAU - Yu, Jeesuk
AU  - Yu J
FAU - Barker, Jennifer
AU  - Barker J
FAU - Klingensmith, Georgeanna
AU  - Klingensmith G
FAU - Rewers, Marian
AU  - Rewers M
FAU - Eisenbarth, George S
AU  - Eisenbarth GS
FAU - Yu, Liping
AU  - Yu L
LA  - eng
GR  - DK32083/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - N01AI15416/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U19AI050864/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20061024
PL  - United States
TA  - J Clin Endocrinol Metab
JT  - The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
JID - 0375362
RN  - 0 (Autoantibodies)
RN  - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin A)
RN  - 0 (HLA-DQ Antigens)
RN  - 0 (HLA-DQ beta-Chains)
RN  - 0 (HLA-DQB1 antigen)
RN  - 0 (HLA-DR Antigens)
RN  - 0 (islet cell antibody)
RN  - EC 4.1.1.15 (Glutamate Decarboxylase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Autoantibodies/*blood
MH  - Body Mass Index
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus/*immunology
MH  - Female
MH  - Glutamate Decarboxylase/immunology
MH  - Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis
MH  - HLA-DQ Antigens/genetics
MH  - HLA-DQ beta-Chains
MH  - HLA-DR Antigens/genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - Obesity/*immunology
EDAT- 2006/10/26 09:00
MHDA- 2007/02/21 09:00
CRDT- 2006/10/26 09:00
PHST- 2006/10/26 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/02/21 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/10/26 09:00 [entrez]
AID - jc.2006-1494 [pii]
AID - 10.1210/jc.2006-1494 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jan;92(1):88-92. doi: 10.1210/jc.2006-1494. Epub 
      2006 Oct 24.