PMID- 17065432
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070405
LR  - 20161124
IS  - 1096-6080 (Print)
IS  - 1096-0929 (Linking)
VI  - 95
IP  - 2
DP  - 2007 Feb
TI  - Gasoline exhaust emissions induce vascular remodeling pathways involved in 
      atherosclerosis.
PG  - 485-94
AB  - Epidemiological evidence indicates that environmental air pollutants are 
      positively associated with the development of chronic vascular disease; however, 
      the mechanisms involved have not been fully elucidated. In the present study we 
      examined molecular pathways associated with chronic vascular disease in 
      atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice, including 
      markers of vascular remodeling and oxidative stress, in response to exposure to 
      the ubiquitous environmental pollutant, gasoline engine emissions. ApoE(-/-) 
      mice, on a high-fat diet, were exposed by inhalation to either filtered air; 8, 
      40, or 60 mug/m(3) particulate matter whole exhaust; or filtered exhaust with 
      gases matching the 60-mug/m(3) concentration, for 7 weeks. Aortas and plasma were 
      collected and assayed for changes in histochemical markers, real-time reverse 
      transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and indicators of oxidative damage. 
      Inhalational exposure to gasoline engine emissions resulted in increased aortic 
      mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), MMP-7, and MMP-9, tissue 
      inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2, endothelin-1 and heme oxygenase-1 in ApoE(-/-) 
      mice; increased aortic MMP-9 protein levels were confirmed through 
      immunohistochemistry. Elevated reactive oxygen species were also observed in 
      arteries from exposed animals, despite absence of plasma markers. Similar 
      findings were also observed in the aortas of ApoE(-/-) mice exposed to 
      particle-filtered atmosphere, implicating the gaseous components of the whole 
      exhaust in mediating the expression of markers associated with the vasculopathy. 
      These findings demonstrate that exposure to gasoline engine emissions results in 
      the transcriptional upregulation of factors associated with vascular remodeling, 
      as well as increased markers of vascular oxidative stress, which may contribute 
      to the progression of atherosclerosis and reduced stability of vulnerable 
      plaques.
FAU - Lund, Amie K
AU  - Lund AK
AD  - Division of Toxicology, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest 
      Drive SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108, USA.
FAU - Knuckles, Travis L
AU  - Knuckles TL
FAU - Obot Akata, Chrys
AU  - Obot Akata C
FAU - Shohet, Ralph
AU  - Shohet R
FAU - McDonald, Jacob D
AU  - McDonald JD
FAU - Gigliotti, Andrew
AU  - Gigliotti A
FAU - Seagrave, Jean Clare
AU  - Seagrave JC
FAU - Campen, Matthew J
AU  - Campen MJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20061025
PL  - United States
TA  - Toxicol Sci
JT  - Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology
JID - 9805461
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Apolipoproteins E)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Fats)
RN  - 0 (Endothelin-1)
RN  - 0 (Reactive Oxygen Species)
RN  - 0 (Vehicle Emissions)
RN  - EC 1.14.14.18 (Heme Oxygenase-1)
RN  - EC 3.4.- (Metalloproteases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Air Pollutants/*toxicity
MH  - Animals
MH  - Aorta/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Apolipoproteins E/genetics
MH  - *Atherosclerosis/etiology/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Dietary Fats/administration & dosage
MH  - Endothelin-1/biosynthesis
MH  - Heme Oxygenase-1/biosynthesis
MH  - Lung/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Metalloproteases/biosynthesis
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Knockout
MH  - Oxidative Stress/*drug effects/genetics
MH  - Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
MH  - Transcription, Genetic
MH  - Vehicle Emissions/*toxicity
EDAT- 2006/10/27 09:00
MHDA- 2007/04/06 09:00
CRDT- 2006/10/27 09:00
PHST- 2006/10/27 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/04/06 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/10/27 09:00 [entrez]
AID - kfl145 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/toxsci/kfl145 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Toxicol Sci. 2007 Feb;95(2):485-94. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfl145. Epub 2006 Oct 25.