PMID- 17095635
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070322
LR  - 20220318
IS  - 8750-7587 (Print)
IS  - 1522-1601 (Electronic)
IS  - 0161-7567 (Linking)
VI  - 102
IP  - 2
DP  - 2007 Feb
TI  - Lower extremity muscle size and strength and aerobic capacity decrease with 
      caloric restriction but not with exercise-induced weight loss.
PG  - 634-40
AB  - Caloric restriction (CR) results in fat loss; however, it may also result in loss 
      of muscle and thereby reduce strength and aerobic capacity (VO2 max). These 
      effects may not occur with exercise-induced weight loss (EX) because of the 
      anabolic effects of exercise on heart and skeletal muscle. We tested the 
      hypothesis that CR reduces muscle size and strength and VO2 max, whereas EX 
      preserves or improves these parameters. Healthy 50- to 60-yr-old men and women 
      (body mass index of 23.5-29.9 kg/m2) were studied before and after 12 mo of 
      weight loss by CR (n = 18) or EX (n = 16). Lean mass was assessed by dual-energy 
      X-ray absorptiometry, thigh muscle volume by MRI, isometric and isokinetic knee 
      flexor strength by dynamometry, and treadmill VO2 max by indirect calorimetry. 
      Both interventions caused significant decreases in body weight (CR: -10.7 +/- 
      1.4%, EX: -9.5 +/- 1.5%) and lean mass (CR: -3.5 +/- 0.7%, EX: -2.2 +/- 0.8%), 
      with no significant differences between groups. Significant decreases in thigh 
      muscle volume (-6.9 +/- 0.8%) and composite knee flexion strength (-7.2 +/- 3%) 
      occurred in the CR group only. Absolute VO2 max decreased significantly in the CR 
      group (-6.8 +/- 2.3%), whereas the EX group had significant increases in both 
      absolute (+15.5 +/- 2.4%) and relative (+28.3 +/- 3.0%) VO2 max. These data 
      provide evidence that muscle mass and absolute physical work capacity decrease in 
      response to 12 mo of CR but not in response to a similar weight loss induced by 
      exercise. These findings suggest that, during EX, the body adapts to maintain or 
      even enhance physical performance capacity.
FAU - Weiss, Edward P
AU  - Weiss EP
AD  - Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, 
      Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. 
      eweiss4@slu.edu
FAU - Racette, Susan B
AU  - Racette SB
FAU - Villareal, Dennis T
AU  - Villareal DT
FAU - Fontana, Luigi
AU  - Fontana L
FAU - Steger-May, Karen
AU  - Steger-May K
FAU - Schechtman, Kenneth B
AU  - Schechtman KB
FAU - Klein, Samuel
AU  - Klein S
FAU - Ehsani, Ali A
AU  - Ehsani AA
FAU - Holloszy, John O
AU  - Holloszy JO
CN  - Washington University School of Medicine CALERIE Group
LA  - eng
GR  - AG-20487/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01 AG020487/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - AG-00078/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DK-20579/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - M01 RR000036/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 DK056341/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 DK056341-06/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P60 DK020579/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 DK056341-05S2/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 DK020579/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DK-56341/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - RR-00036/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - T32 AG000078/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20061109
PL  - United States
TA  - J Appl Physiol (1985)
JT  - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
JID - 8502536
SB  - IM
MH  - Adaptation, Physiological
MH  - Blood Pressure/physiology
MH  - Body Mass Index
MH  - Body Weight/physiology
MH  - *Caloric Restriction
MH  - Exercise/*physiology
MH  - Exercise Test
MH  - Female
MH  - Heart Rate/physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Lower Extremity
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Muscle Strength/*physiology
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/*anatomy & histology/*physiology
MH  - Oxygen Consumption/physiology
MH  - Weight Loss/*physiology
PMC - PMC4376253
MID - NIHMS205576
EDAT- 2006/11/11 09:00
MHDA- 2007/03/23 09:00
PMCR- 2015/03/27
CRDT- 2006/11/11 09:00
PHST- 2006/11/11 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/03/23 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/11/11 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/03/27 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 00853.2006 [pii]
AID - 10.1152/japplphysiol.00853.2006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 Feb;102(2):634-40. doi: 
      10.1152/japplphysiol.00853.2006. Epub 2006 Nov 9.