PMID- 17097889
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080124
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1050-4648 (Print)
IS  - 1050-4648 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 1
DP  - 2007 Jul
TI  - First report of invertebrate Mx: cloning, characterization and expression 
      analysis of Mx cDNA in disk abalone (Haliotis discus discus).
PG  - 86-96
AB  - Myxovirus resistance (Mx) protein is one of the most studied antiviral proteins. 
      It is induced by the type I interferon system (IFN alpha/beta) in various 
      vertebrates, but its expression has not been identified or characterized in 
      mollusks or other multi-cellular invertebrates to date. In this study, we 
      isolated the Mx gene from a disk abalone (Haliotis discus discus) normalized cDNA 
      library. Mx cDNA was sequenced, cloned and compared to other known Mx proteins. 
      The full-length 1664 bp of abalone Mx cDNA contained a 1533-bp open reading frame 
      that codes for 511 amino acids. Within the coding sequence of abalone Mx, 
      characteristic features were found, such as a tripartite 
      guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP)-binding motif and a dynamin family signature. In 
      addition, leucine residues in the C-terminal region displayed a special leucine 
      domain at L(468), L(475), L(489) and L(510), suggesting that abalone Mx may have 
      a similar oligomerization function as other leucine zipper motifs. Abalone Mx 
      protein exhibited 44% amino acid similarity with channel catfish Mx1, rainbow 
      trout Mx2 and Atlantic halibut Mx. Abalones were injected intramuscularly with 
      the known IFN inducer poly I:C and RT-PCR was performed for Mx mRNA analysis. The 
      results showed enhanced Mx expression in abalone gill and digestive tissues 24h 
      as well as 48 h after injection of poly I:C. Mx mRNA was expressed in gill, 
      digestive gland, mantle and foot tissues in healthy abalone, suggesting that the 
      basal level of Mx expressed is tissue-specific. There is no known Mx protein 
      closely related to abalone Mx according to phylogenetic analysis. Abalone Mx may 
      have diverged from a common gene ancestor of fish and mammalian Mx proteins, 
      since abalone Mx showed high similarity in terms of conserved tripartite 
      GTP-binding, dynamin family signature motifs and poly I:C enhancement of Mx mRNA 
      expression.
FAU - De Zoysa, Mahanama
AU  - De Zoysa M
AD  - Department of Marine Biotechnology, College of Ocean Science, Cheju National 
      University, 66 Jejudaehakno, Ara-dong, Jeju, Jeju-Do 690-756, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Kang, Hyun-Sil
AU  - Kang HS
FAU - Song, Young-Bo
AU  - Song YB
FAU - Jee, Youngheun
AU  - Jee Y
FAU - Lee, Young-Don
AU  - Lee YD
FAU - Lee, Jehee
AU  - Lee J
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20061004
PL  - England
TA  - Fish Shellfish Immunol
JT  - Fish & shellfish immunology
JID - 9505220
RN  - 0 (DNA Primers)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Complementary)
RN  - 0 (Myxovirus Resistance Proteins)
RN  - EC 3.6.1.- (GTP-Binding Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amino Acid Sequence
MH  - Animals
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Cloning, Molecular
MH  - DNA Primers
MH  - DNA, Complementary/genetics
MH  - GTP-Binding Proteins/*genetics/metabolism
MH  - Gastropoda/*genetics
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - Myxovirus Resistance Proteins
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Sequence Alignment
MH  - Sequence Analysis, DNA
MH  - Species Specificity
EDAT- 2006/11/14 09:00
MHDA- 2008/01/25 09:00
CRDT- 2006/11/14 09:00
PHST- 2006/07/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/09/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2006/09/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/11/14 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/01/25 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/11/14 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S1050-4648(06)00165-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.fsi.2006.09.007 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2007 Jul;23(1):86-96. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2006.09.007. 
      Epub 2006 Oct 4.