PMID- 17109094
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070213
LR  - 20180509
IS  - 1341-321X (Print)
IS  - 1341-321X (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 5
DP  - 2006 Oct
TI  - Study of nasopharyngeal bacterial flora. Second report. Variations in 
      nasopharyngeal bacterial flora in children aged 6 years or younger when 
      administered antimicrobial agents. Part 1.
PG  - 287-304
AB  - In our first report, we investigated nasopharyngeal bacterial flora related to 
      penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP) and beta-lactamase-negative 
      ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae (BLNAR) and their relation to acute 
      upper respiratory tract infection (AURTI). This report analyzes the results of a 
      study of nasopharyngeal bacterial flora before the administration of 
      antimicrobial agents in 172 AURTI patients aged 6 years or younger. In addition 
      to Gram staining, microscopic observation, and culturing, a polymerase chain 
      reaction (PCR) method was used to identify PRSP (gPRSP) and BLNAR (gBLNAR) 
      drug-resistant genes. Of the patients analyzed, 90% had acute otitis media (AOM) 
      and were aged 2 years or younger. The antimicrobial agents administered were 
      amoxicillin (34%), clavulanic acid/amoxicillin (11%), cefditren pivoxil (CDTR-PI) 
      (43%), and others (12%). This was particularly true for patients administered 
      CDTR-PI, among whom there were many who had already suffered one or more episodes 
      of AOM by the age of 1 year or younger, and many in which gPRSP were detected (P 
      < 0.01). There was a significant relation between the degree of nasopharyngeal 
      inflammation indicated by leukocyte infiltration images and the amount of S. 
      pneumoniae and H. influenzae detected, which are the main pathogenic bacteria 
      causing AOM (P < 0.01). In addition to leukocyte infiltration images, there were 
      cases in which shedding of ciliated cells was observed and/or giant monocytic 
      cells. Both nasopharyngeal leukocyte infiltration images and/or shed cell 
      findings observed in infant AURTI cases are important indices for the prompt 
      detection of gPRSP and/or gBLNAR and appropriate doses of antimicrobial agents.
FAU - Konno, Masatoshi
AU  - Konno M
AD  - Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. mrsa@interlink.or.jp
FAU - Baba, Shunkichi
AU  - Baba S
FAU - Mikawa, Haruki
AU  - Mikawa H
FAU - Hara, Kohei
AU  - Hara K
FAU - Matsumoto, Fumio
AU  - Matsumoto F
FAU - Kaga, Kimitaka
AU  - Kaga K
FAU - Nishimura, Tadao
AU  - Nishimura T
FAU - Kobayashi, Toshimitsu
AU  - Kobayashi T
FAU - Furuya, Nobuhiko
AU  - Furuya N
FAU - Moriyama, Hiroshi
AU  - Moriyama H
FAU - Okamoto, Yoshitaka
AU  - Okamoto Y
FAU - Furukawa, Mituru
AU  - Furukawa M
FAU - Yamanaka, Noboru
AU  - Yamanaka N
FAU - Matsushima, Toshiharu
AU  - Matsushima T
FAU - Yoshizawa, Yasuyuki
AU  - Yoshizawa Y
FAU - Kohno, Shigeru
AU  - Kohno S
FAU - Kobayashi, Kunihiko
AU  - Kobayashi K
FAU - Morikawa, Akihiro
AU  - Morikawa A
FAU - Koizumi, Shoichi
AU  - Koizumi S
FAU - Sunakawa, Keisuke
AU  - Sunakawa K
FAU - Inoue, Matsuhisa
AU  - Inoue M
FAU - Ubukata, Kimiko
AU  - Ubukata K
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20061106
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Infect Chemother
JT  - Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of 
      Chemotherapy
JID - 9608375
RN  - 0 (Anti-Infective Agents)
RN  - EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Ampicillin Resistance
MH  - Anti-Infective Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Female
MH  - Haemophilus Infections/drug therapy/microbiology
MH  - Haemophilus influenzae/enzymology/genetics/*isolation & purification
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - Nasopharynx/drug effects/*microbiology
MH  - Otitis Media/drug therapy/microbiology
MH  - Pneumococcal Infections/drug therapy/microbiology
MH  - Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
MH  - Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy/microbiology
MH  - Streptococcus pneumoniae/genetics/*isolation & purification
MH  - beta-Lactamases/metabolism
EDAT- 2006/11/17 09:00
MHDA- 2007/02/14 09:00
CRDT- 2006/11/17 09:00
PHST- 2006/05/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/07/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/11/17 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/02/14 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/11/17 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S1341-321X(06)70914-X [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s10156-006-0468-5 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Infect Chemother. 2006 Oct;12(5):287-304. doi: 10.1007/s10156-006-0468-5. Epub 
      2006 Nov 6.