PMID- 17109962
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070628
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0149-7634 (Print)
IS  - 0149-7634 (Linking)
VI  - 31
IP  - 3
DP  - 2007
TI  - Are there sex differences associated with the effects of 
      ecstasy/3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)?
PG  - 327-47
AB  - Sex has been identified as an important factor in moderating the effects of 
      several drugs of abuse. Given the increasing popularity of ecstasy 
      (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine [MDMA]) use, it is important for researchers 
      and clinicians to understand the factors that may influence its pharmacological 
      actions to improve education, harm reduction and treatment efforts. This review 
      focuses on preclinical and clinical research that examines the role of sex as an 
      independent variable in the effects of ecstasy/MDMA. A systematic search of 
      PsycINFO and MEDLINE electronic databases from 1966 to April 2006 was conducted. 
      Both preclinical and clinical studies show a sexually dimorphic pattern in the 
      acute, subacute and possibly long-term effects of ecstasy/MDMA. Specifically, 
      adult females are more sensitive than males to the acute and subacute physical 
      and psychological effects of ecstasy/MDMA and long-term alterations in aspects of 
      5-HT functioning. Conversely, males are more sensitive to the acute physiological 
      effects of ecstasy/MDMA. These findings are consistent with research outcomes 
      reported for other substances such as amphetamines and cocaine. Potential reasons 
      for these sex differences and directions for future research are discussed.
FAU - Allott, Kelly
AU  - Allott K
AD  - Department of Psychology, Monash University, Vic. 3800, Australia. 
      kelly.allott@med.monash.edu.au
FAU - Redman, Jennifer
AU  - Redman J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20061115
PL  - United States
TA  - Neurosci Biobehav Rev
JT  - Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
JID - 7806090
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Behavior/*drug effects
MH  - Behavior, Animal/*drug effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Hallucinogens/*pharmacology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*pharmacology
MH  - Rats
MH  - Sex Factors
RF  - 209
EDAT- 2006/11/18 09:00
MHDA- 2007/06/29 09:00
CRDT- 2006/11/18 09:00
PHST- 2006/06/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/09/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2006/09/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/11/18 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/06/29 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/11/18 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0149-7634(06)00112-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.09.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2007;31(3):327-47. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.09.009. 
      Epub 2006 Nov 15.