PMID- 17132249
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20061214
LR  - 20190513
IS  - 0146-4760 (Print)
IS  - 0146-4760 (Linking)
VI  - 30
IP  - 8
DP  - 2006 Oct
TI  - Distribution of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and 
      methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) in postmortem and antemortem specimens.
PG  - 545-50
AB  - With increasing requests for the analysis of various specimens related to fatal 
      and non-fatal abuse of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy, MDMA), the 
      toxicology laboratory of the Institute of Forensic Medicine has established 
      protocols for the analysis of MDMA and related compounds in hair, urine, and 
      various postmortem specimens. Analytical protocols include extraction, 
      derivatization, and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis adapting 
      deuterated analogs of the analytes as internal standards. Data resulting from 
      these analyses and hereby reported include postmortem distribution of MDMA and 
      methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) in heart blood, gastric content, urine, and bile 
      specimens from 20 fatal cases; other drugs found in the heart blood from these 20 
      cases; and the distribution of MDMA and MDA in 25 antemortem urine and 6 hair 
      specimens. The MDA/MDMA concentration ratio observed in a limited number of hair 
      specimens (n=6) are consistent and appear to be higher than those found in other 
      specimens. Compared to other commonly abused drugs (e.g., cocaine and heroin), 
      the "drug/metabolite" concentration ratio (MDMA/MDA) in hair is not significantly 
      different from the ratios derived from other specimens, such as urine and blood. 
      This observation is consistent with the relative drug/metabolite incorporation 
      rates reported for cocaine/benzoylecgonine, 
      tetrahydrocannabinol/tetrahydrocannabinoic acid, and MDMA/MDA.
FAU - Liu, Ray H
AU  - Liu RH
AD  - Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of 
      Justice, Taipei, Taiwan.
FAU - Liu, Hsiu-Chuan
AU  - Liu HC
FAU - Lin, Dong-Liang
AU  - Lin DL
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - J Anal Toxicol
JT  - Journal of analytical toxicology
JID - 7705085
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - 4764-17-4 (3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine/analysis/*pharmacokinetics
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Diagnosis
MH  - Female
MH  - Forensic Toxicology/*methods
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Hallucinogens/analysis/*pharmacokinetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/analysis/*pharmacokinetics
MH  - Substance Abuse Detection/*methods
MH  - Substance-Related Disorders/*diagnosis/metabolism
EDAT- 2006/11/30 09:00
MHDA- 2006/12/15 09:00
CRDT- 2006/11/30 09:00
PHST- 2006/11/30 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/12/15 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/11/30 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1093/jat/30.8.545 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Anal Toxicol. 2006 Oct;30(8):545-50. doi: 10.1093/jat/30.8.545.