PMID- 17141163
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070123
LR  - 20171116
IS  - 1534-5807 (Print)
IS  - 1534-5807 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 6
DP  - 2006 Dec
TI  - Evolution of the ventral midline in insect embryos.
PG  - 895-902
AB  - The ventral midline is a source of signals that pattern the nerve cord of insect 
      embryos. In dipterans such as the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster (D. mel.) and 
      the mosquito Anopheles gambiae (A. gam.), the midline is narrow and spans just 
      1-2 cells. However, in the honeybee, Apis mellifera (A. mel.), the ventral 
      midline is broad and encompasses 5-6 cells. slit and other midline-patterning 
      genes display a corresponding expansion in expression. Evidence is presented that 
      this difference is due to divergent cis regulation of the single-minded (sim) 
      gene, which encodes a bHLH-PAS transcription factor essential for midline 
      differentiation. sim is regulated by a combination of Notch signaling and a Twist 
      (Twi) activator gradient in D. mel., but it is activated solely by Twi in A. mel. 
      We suggest that the Twi-only mode of regulation--and the broad ventral 
      midline--represents the ancestral form of CNS patterning in Holometabolous 
      insects.
FAU - Zinzen, Robert P
AU  - Zinzen RP
AD  - Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Division of Genetics, Genomics, and 
      Development, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of California, Berkeley, 
      California 94720, USA.
FAU - Cande, Jessica
AU  - Cande J
FAU - Ronshaugen, Matthew
AU  - Ronshaugen M
FAU - Papatsenko, Dmitri
AU  - Papatsenko D
FAU - Levine, Mike
AU  - Levine M
LA  - eng
GR  - GM 46638/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Dev Cell
JT  - Developmental cell
JID - 101120028
RN  - 0 (Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors)
RN  - 0 (Drosophila Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Nuclear Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Notch)
RN  - 0 (Twi protein, Drosophila)
RN  - 0 (Twist-Related Protein 1)
RN  - 0 (sim protein, Drosophila)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anopheles/*embryology/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Bees/*embryology/genetics/metabolism
MH  - *Biological Evolution
MH  - Body Patterning
MH  - Central Nervous System/*cytology/embryology/metabolism
MH  - Drosophila Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Drosophila melanogaster/*embryology/genetics/metabolism
MH  - *Embryo, Nonmammalian
MH  - Enhancer Elements, Genetic
MH  - Larva/cytology/metabolism
MH  - Nuclear Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Receptors, Notch/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Transcription, Genetic
MH  - Transgenes/physiology
MH  - Twist-Related Protein 1/genetics/metabolism
EDAT- 2006/12/05 09:00
MHDA- 2007/01/24 09:00
CRDT- 2006/12/05 09:00
PHST- 2006/06/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/08/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2006/10/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/12/05 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/01/24 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/12/05 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S1534-5807(06)00464-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.devcel.2006.10.012 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Dev Cell. 2006 Dec;11(6):895-902. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2006.10.012.