PMID- 17151291
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070322
LR  - 20181217
IS  - 0077-8923 (Print)
IS  - 0077-8923 (Linking)
VI  - 1084
DP  - 2006 Nov
TI  - Inflammation in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: Impact of dietary 
      glucose.
PG  - 30-48
AB  - Chronic overnutrition combined with a lack of exercise is the main cause for the 
      rapidly increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity. It seems accepted that 
      adipositis (macrophage infiltration and inflammation of adipose tissue in 
      obesity) and systemic low grade inflammation affect the pathogenesis of the 
      metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, modern weight 
      reduction programs additionally focus on strategies to attenuate the inflammation 
      state. Exercise is one major factor, which contributes to the reduction of both 
      the incidence of T2DM and inflammation, and the immunomodulatory effects of 
      exercise are supported by similarly beneficial effects of dietary changes. In 
      this context, glucose is the most extensively studied nutrient and current 
      investigations focus on postprandial glucose-induced inflammation, one possible 
      reason why hyperglycemia is detrimental. Indeed, glucose may modulate the mRNA 
      expression and serum concentrations of immune parameters but these alterations 
      rapidly normalize in normoglycemic subjects. In case of an impaired metabolic 
      state, however, postprandial hyperglycemia increases magnitude and duration of 
      systemic inflammatory responses, which probably promotes the development of T2DM 
      and of cardiovascular disease.
FAU - Kempf, Kerstin
AU  - Kempf K
AD  - German Diabetes Clinic, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute at 
      Heinrich-Heine-University Dusseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Dusseldorf, 
      Germany. kerstin.kempf@ddz.uni-duesseldorf.de
FAU - Rose, Bettina
AU  - Rose B
FAU - Herder, Christian
AU  - Herder C
FAU - Kleophas, Ursula
AU  - Kleophas U
FAU - Martin, Stephan
AU  - Martin S
FAU - Kolb, Hubert
AU  - Kolb H
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Ann N Y Acad Sci
JT  - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
JID - 7506858
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
SB  - IM
MH  - Cytokines/metabolism
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*physiopathology
MH  - *Dietary Carbohydrates
MH  - Glucose/*pharmacology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation/*physiopathology
MH  - Insulin/metabolism
MH  - Insulin Secretion
MH  - Metabolic Syndrome/*physiopathology
MH  - RNA, Messenger/genetics
MH  - Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
RF  - 99
EDAT- 2006/12/08 09:00
MHDA- 2007/03/23 09:00
CRDT- 2006/12/08 09:00
PHST- 2006/12/08 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/03/23 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/12/08 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 1084/1/30 [pii]
AID - 10.1196/annals.1372.012 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Nov;1084:30-48. doi: 10.1196/annals.1372.012.