PMID- 17201660
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070228
LR  - 20081121
IS  - 0882-8245 (Print)
IS  - 0882-8245 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 4
DP  - 2006 Winter
TI  - Effects of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-infected 
      antigen-presenting cells on T cell activation and antiviral cytokine production.
PG  - 646-61
AB  - The ability of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) to 
      suppress T cell expression of CD25 (alpha chain of interleukin [IL]-2 receptor), 
      interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was 
      determined by flow cytometry in naive porcine T cells in response to mitogen 
      (concanavalin A) and cytokine inducers (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate plus 
      ionomycin [PMA/I]). Four PRRSV isolates of varying clinical virulence and three 
      different types of porcine myeloid antigen-presenting cells (APCs) were used. T 
      cells cultured with monocytes infected with virulent PRRSV (VR-2385, SDSU-73, and 
      VR-2332), but not with a vaccine strain (Ingelvac PRRS MLV; Boehringer Ingelheim 
      Vetmedica, St. Joseph, MO), demonstrated significantly reduced CD25 expression 
      (%CD25(+)) and IFN-gamma expression (%IFN-gamma (+)) compared with T cells 
      incubated with uninoculated monocyte cultures. T cells cultured with monocytes 
      infected with all four PRRSV isolates demonstrated significantly reduced 
      %TNF-alpha (+). The significant reduction of %CD25(+), %IFN-gamma (+), and 
      %TNF-alpha (+) was not detected in T cells cultured with monocyte-derived 
      macrophages (MDMs) and immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDCs) infected 
      with any PRRSV isolates. Heat-inactivated PRRSV did not induce significantly 
      reduced T cell responses in any APC cultures. The reduction of T cell response in 
      monocyte cultures was not due to PRRSV-induced T cell death. Gene expression of 
      IL-10 detected by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain 
      reaction was significantly increased in virulent PRRSV-infected monocyte cultures 
      after PMA/I, but not concanavalin A, stimulation compared with IL-10 gene 
      expression from uninoculated monocyte cultures. Increased IL-10 gene expression 
      contributed to significantly reduced %IFN-gamma (+) and %TNF-alpha (+), but not 
      %CD25(+), as determined by IL-10 neutralization assay. This study reports that 
      PRRSV has the ability to suppress T cell responses. The suppressive ability of 
      PRRSV is associated with viral virulence and is mediated by virus-infected 
      monocytes, but not by virus-infected MDMs and immature MDCs.
FAU - Charerntantanakul, Wasin
AU  - Charerntantanakul W
AD  - Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of 
      Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1250, USA.
FAU - Platt, Ratree
AU  - Platt R
FAU - Roth, James A
AU  - Roth JA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Viral Immunol
JT  - Viral immunology
JID - 8801552
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - 130068-27-8 (Interleukin-10)
RN  - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Coculture Techniques
MH  - Dendritic Cells/virology
MH  - Down-Regulation
MH  - Gene Expression
MH  - Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis/metabolism
MH  - Interleukin-10/genetics
MH  - Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/metabolism
MH  - Macrophages/virology
MH  - Monocytes/physiology/virology
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/*immunology
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/pathogenicity/*physiology
MH  - Swine
MH  - T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
MH  - Virulence
EDAT- 2007/01/05 09:00
MHDA- 2007/03/01 09:00
CRDT- 2007/01/05 09:00
PHST- 2007/01/05 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/03/01 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/01/05 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1089/vim.2006.19.646 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Viral Immunol. 2006 Winter;19(4):646-61. doi: 10.1089/vim.2006.19.646.