PMID- 17266521
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070321
LR  - 20220330
IS  - 1389-2002 (Print)
IS  - 1389-2002 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 1
DP  - 2007 Jan
TI  - Hyperhomocysteinaemia: a critical review of old and new aspects.
PG  - 17-31
AB  - Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY) is a risk factor for cardiovascular (CVD) and 
      neurodegenerative diseases, osteoporotic fractures and pregnancy complications. 
      HHCY is common and is mostly related to B-vitamin deficiency. Retrospective and 
      prospective studies emphasise the causal relationship between HHCY and CVD risk. 
      Some reported vitamin intervention trials, however, did not demonstrate lower 
      risk of CVD after treatment. Confounding factors on the one hand and low subject 
      numbers on the other hand reduced the statistical power of the results. 
      Re-analysis of the VISP study (after excluding renal failure and vitamin B12 
      status tampering factors), detected a 21% decrease in the risk of stroke. This 
      number has been confirmed by results from the HOPE 2 vitamin intervention trial. 
      A significant decline of stroke-mortality (8 to 16%) has been observed in the USA 
      and Canada after fortification of grain products with folate. Despite negative 
      results from secondary prevention trials regarding the CVD risk reduction there 
      is convincing evidence about the effectiveness of B-vitamin supplementation in 
      lowering the risk of stroke (approximately 20%). Additionally, HHCY was recently 
      linked to the occurrence and severity of chronic heart insufficiency. HHCY is 
      also a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures and vitamin treatment can lower the 
      fracture risk. HHCY predicts the decline in cognitive function with age. 
      Hypomethylation is among the central mechanisms through which HHCY may damage the 
      brain. HHCY and low folate are causal factors for pregnancy complications. In 
      addition to the recommended folate supplementation, vitamin B12 supplementation 
      may also decrease pregnancy complications.
FAU - Herrmann, Wolfgang
AU  - Herrmann W
AD  - Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine/Central Laboratory, Saarland 
      University Medical School, 66421 Homburg, Germany. 
      kchwher@uniklinikum-saarland.de
FAU - Herrmann, Markus
AU  - Herrmann M
FAU - Obeid, Rima
AU  - Obeid R
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Curr Drug Metab
JT  - Current drug metabolism
JID - 100960533
RN  - 0LVT1QZ0BA (Homocysteine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Homocysteine/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Hyperhomocysteinemia/complications/etiology
MH  - Neurodegenerative Diseases/etiology
MH  - Osteoporosis/etiology
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Pregnancy Complications/etiology
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Sex Factors
RF  - 188
EDAT- 2007/02/03 09:00
MHDA- 2007/03/22 09:00
CRDT- 2007/02/03 09:00
PHST- 2007/02/03 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/03/22 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/02/03 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.2174/138920007779315008 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr Drug Metab. 2007 Jan;8(1):17-31. doi: 10.2174/138920007779315008.