PMID- 17274961
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070521
LR  - 20220409
IS  - 0006-8993 (Print)
IS  - 0006-8993 (Linking)
VI  - 1138
DP  - 2007 Mar 23
TI  - Effects of crocin on reperfusion-induced oxidative/nitrative injury to cerebral 
      microvessels after global cerebral ischemia.
PG  - 86-94
AB  - This paper studied the effects of crocin, a pharmacologically active component of 
      Crocus sativus L., on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice cerebral 
      microvessels. Transient global cerebral ischemia (20 min), followed by 24 h of 
      reperfusion, significantly promoted the generation of nitric oxide (NO) and 
      malondialdehyde (MDA) in cortical microvascular homogenates, as well as markedly 
      reduced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase 
      (GSH-px) and promoted the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOs). Reperfusion 
      for 24 h led to serous edema with substantial microvilli loss, vacuolation, 
      membrane damage and mitochondrial injuries in cortical microvascular endothelial 
      cells (CMEC). Furthermore, enhanced phosphorylation of extracellular 
      signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and decreased expression of matrix 
      metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were detected in cortical microvessels after I (20 
      min)/R (24 h). Reperfusion for 24 h also induced membrane (functional) G 
      protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) expression, while it reduced cytosol 
      GRK2 expression. Pretreatment with crocin markedly inhibited oxidizing reactions 
      and modulated the ultrastructure of CMEC in mice with 20 min of bilateral common 
      carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) followed by 24 h of reperfusion in vivo. 
      Furthermore, crocin inhibited GRK2 translocation from the cytosol to the membrane 
      and reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and MMP-9 expression in cortical microvessels. 
      We propose that crocin protects the brain against excessive oxidative stress and 
      constitutes a potential therapeutic candidate in transient global cerebral 
      ischemia.
FAU - Zheng, Yong-Qiu
AU  - Zheng YQ
AD  - Research Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 1, 
      Xi Yuan yard Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, PR China. 
      yongqiuzheng@sina.com
FAU - Liu, Jian-Xun
AU  - Liu JX
FAU - Wang, Jan-Nong
AU  - Wang JN
FAU - Xu, Li
AU  - Xu L
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20061229
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Brain Res
JT  - Brain research
JID - 0045503
RN  - 31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide)
RN  - 36-88-4 (Carotenoids)
RN  - 4Y8F71G49Q (Malondialdehyde)
RN  - 877GWI46C2 (crocin)
RN  - EC 1.11.1.9 (Glutathione Peroxidase)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (Nitric Oxide Synthase)
RN  - EC 1.15.1.1 (Superoxide Dismutase)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.15 (GRK2 protein, mouse)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.15 (beta-Adrenergic Receptor Kinases)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.16 (G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.24 (Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases)
RN  - EC 3.4.24.35 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 9)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blood Vessels/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Brain Edema/etiology/pathology
MH  - Brain Ischemia/metabolism/*pathology
MH  - Carotenoids/*pharmacology
MH  - Cerebral Cortex/*blood supply
MH  - Endothelial Cells/drug effects/ultrastructure
MH  - Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
MH  - G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2
MH  - Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Malondialdehyde/metabolism
MH  - Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Microcirculation
MH  - Nitric Oxide/*metabolism
MH  - Nitric Oxide Synthase/metabolism
MH  - Oxidative Stress/*drug effects
MH  - Phosphorylation/drug effects
MH  - Reperfusion Injury/complications/metabolism/*pathology
MH  - Subcellular Fractions/metabolism
MH  - Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism
MH  - Tissue Distribution
MH  - beta-Adrenergic Receptor Kinases/metabolism
EDAT- 2007/02/06 09:00
MHDA- 2007/05/22 09:00
CRDT- 2007/02/06 09:00
PHST- 2006/09/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/12/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2006/12/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/02/06 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/05/22 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/02/06 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0006-8993(06)03683-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.12.064 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Brain Res. 2007 Mar 23;1138:86-94. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.12.064. Epub 2006 
      Dec 29.